introduction: dark or black coloured gingiva is an esthetic concern especially in subjects with high lip line or gummy smile. gingival depigmentation procedure is a type of perioplastic surgery where the gingival epithelium is excised with various techniques to lighten the colour of the gingiva. the aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of gingival depigmentation procedure with...

we describe a 69-year-old-woman with antecedent of breast cancer and recent transitory neurological symptoms. physical examination showed yellow to orange skin pigmentation, more conspicuous on her palms and soles, while discoloration changes were absent in the eye and oral mucous membranes. routine laboratory findings were not indicative of hemolytic anemia, liver or bile disorders, nephrotic ...

در این مقاله، به بررسی اثر پارامترهای گوناگون بر شکل تپ‌های گسیلی لیزر 2CO تپی پرداخته شده است. راستا، عوامل مختلفی مانند: فشار گاز و هم‌­چنین طول تشدیدگر تغییر داده شدند هر حالت به‌همراه اندازه انرژی آن‌ها ثبت گردیدند. نتایج نشان می‌­دهد که با افزایش گاز، به‌شدت می‌یابد، به‌گونه‌ای 2 برابر 3 شدن فشار، 5 برابر، پهنای زمانی تپ‌ها نیم یک‌سوم زمان برساخت آن‌­ها نیز 9/0 7/0 اندازه‌های اولیه‌ی خود م...

It is extraordinarily difficult to recognize a face in an image with negated contrast, as in a photographic negative. The variation among faces can be partitioned into two general sources: (a) shape and (b) surface reflectance, here termed 'pigmentation'. To determine whether negation differentially affects the processing of shape or pigmentation, we made two sets of faces where the individual ...

Pigmentation is both the normal and abnormal discoloration of oral mucous membrane. Pigmentation has multifactorial etiology. Most of the pigmentation is physiologic but sometimes it can be a precursor of severe diseases. Melanin pigment irregularities and color changes of the oral tissues could provide significant diagnostic evidence of both local and systemic disease. The differential diagnos...

Melasma is a complex multifactorial disorder whose pathogenesis is not well understood. In addition to increased pigmentation, increased vascularity associated with pigmentation is present. A variety of topical treatments targeting pigmentation are available with temporary improvement of mainly the epidermal components of melasma. Intense pulsed light (IPL) is a broadband light source that can ...