According to the importance and diversity of Chenopodium album, Cynodon dactylon and Amaranthus retroflexus in safflower fields and significant role of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) as an oil seed, an experiment was conducted using CRD based factorial design with three replications to study the allelopathic effects of root and shoot extracts of these weeds on germination and early growth ...

Evaluation of green immature seeds from ten cultivars of white lupin (Lupinus albus L., Fabaceae), grown in two locations in Virginia (USA) during two years, indicated that physiological mature but green white lupin seeds contained 33 percent protein and 7 oil on dry weight basis.

In this section we review the basic operating principles of the CMAC neural network as proposed by Albus [2,4-7]. We then present a mathematical description of the conventional CMAC in a form intended to facilitate software implementation. The notation used is somewhat different than in the original Albus papers, but the set of equations presented is numerically equivalent to the original Albus...

In this section we review the basic operating principles of the CMAC neural network as proposed by Albus [2,4-7]. We then present a mathematical description of the conventional CMAC in a form intended to facilitate software implementation. The notation used is somewhat different than in the original Albus papers, but the set of equations presented is numerically equivalent to the original Albus...

A two year field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of municipal waste compost (C), composted cattle manure (M), and nitrogen (N) on growth and composition of weeds in a corn field in Shiraz using a split-split plot design with 3 replicates. Visual inspection of the plots showed that the manure treatments neither introduced new weed species nor increased weed density more than t...

More than 50% of agricultural land is threatened by water erosion in the Czech Republic. With respect to soil erosion, maize (Zea mays L.) belongs most problematic crops; one possibilities increase protection against intercropping. In this study, we attempted find out effects individual intercrops and their mixtures (sown 4–6 weeks after sowing maize) or a mixed culture (maize plus lupine) on l...

Field and greenhouse studies were conducted to investigate the compatibility of MSMA in a tank mixture with glyphosate or glufosinate for broadleaf and grass weed control. Glyphosate, glufosinate, and MSMA were evaluated at 0.53, 13, and 23 rates, with 13 rates of 0.84 kg ae/ha, 0.5 kg ai/ha, and 2.2 kg ai/ha, respectively. Glyphosate and glufosinate provided similar levels of control for most ...

Dark germination of Amaranthus retroflexus L. seeds at 35 degrees increased after several days of prechilling at 20 degrees or lower. Irradiation with far-red light for short periods during the early hours of a prechilling period at 10 degrees inhibited subsequent dark germination at 35 degrees . The inhibition was completely reversible with red light. Far-red irradiation in the latter part of ...