Transmembrane NADPH oxidase (NOX) enzymes have been so far only characterized in eukaryotes. In most of these organisms, they reduce molecular oxygen to superoxide and, depending on the presence of additional domains, are called NOX or dual oxidases (DUOX). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including superoxide, have been traditionally considered accidental toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism....

BACKGROUND Plasma NOx (nitrate and nitrite) is a stable end product of the vasodilator NO. Several polymorphisms in the endothelial constitutive NO synthase (ecNOS) gene have been reported, including the 4a/4b VNTR polymorphism in intron 4, the E298D mutation in exon 7, and the G10-T polymorphism in intron 23. The aims of this study were to examine plasma NOx in patients with coronary artery di...

Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yields were measured for cyclododecane, hexylcyclohexane, n-dodecane, and 2-methylundecane under high-NOx conditions, in which alkyl proxy radicals (RO2) react primarily with NO, and under low-NOx conditions, in which RO2 reacts primarily with HO2. Experiments were run until 95–100 % of the initial alkane had reacted. Particle wall loss was evaluated as two limit...

BACKGROUND Nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in almost every biologic system including regulation of energy balance and food intake. This study aimed at determining association between serum nitric oxide metabolite (NOx) levels and obesity in a population-based study. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, NOx levels were measured in 3505 adult participants. Pregnant women and those with diabetes, ...

BACKGROUND The NADPH oxidase family (Nox) produces reactive oxygen species by adding the electron donated by NADPH to oxygen. Excessive reactive oxygen species production under a variety of pathological conditions has been attributed to increased Nox activity. Here, we aimed at investigating the role of Nox in cardiac ischemic injury through gain- and loss-of-function approaches. METHODS AND ...

Motor vehicles’ rate models for predicting emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOX ) are insensitive to their modes of operation such as cruise, acceleration, deceleration and idle, because these models are usually based on the average trip speed. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using other variables such as vehicle speed, acceleration, load, power and ambient temperature to predict NOX...

Volumetric combustion has been developed to realize a high substitution ratio of biomass in co-firing boilers, which features an intensive flue gas internal recirculation inside furnace. However, the characteristics of NOx and SOx emissions in large-scale boilers with volumetric combustion were not fully clear. In this paper, an Aspen Plus model of volumetric combustion system was built up base...

Over the last few years, there has been an increasing amount of evidence for the de novo emergence of protein-coding genes, i.e. out of non-coding DNA. Here, we review the current literature and summarize the state of the field. We focus specifically on open questions and challenges in the study of de novo protein-coding genes such as the identification and verification of de novo-emerged genes...