Due to the lack of regenerative capacity of the mammalian auditory epithelium, sensory hair cell loss results in permanent hearing deficit. Nevertheless, a population of tissue resident stem/progenitor cells has been recently described. Identification of methods to trigger their activity could lead to exploitation of their potential therapeutically. Here we validate the use of transgenic mice r...

Calcium ions serve as intracellular messengers in 2 activities of hair cells: in conjunction with Ca2(+)-activated K+ channels, they produce the electrical resonance that tunes each cell to a specific frequency of stimulation, and they trigger the release of a chemical synaptic transmitter. Our experiments indicate that both of these functions are conducted within a region that extends a few hu...

The skin is human’s outer sense, which servers as protection from bacteria, viruses, and solar flares, a sense. Skin may suffer variety of factors, one allergies. Human allergies result pressurized immune system that humans normally react to certain substances, such food, animal hair, or medicine. In addition the three current society giveslittle attention lack care awareness trigger factor. Th...

The mammalian cochlea is a highly complex structure which contains several cells, including sensory receptor or hair cells. The main function of the cochlear hair cells is to convert the mechanical vibrations of the sound into electrical signals, then these signals travel to the brain along the auditory nerve. Auditory hair cells in some amphibians, reptiles, fish, and birds can regenerate or r...

Semidirect level monitoring has error compensation capabilities of potential benefit to optical coatings of certain types. A review of the principles of level monitoring using circle diagrams shows how to design a level monitoring scheme for various cases, including the use of precoated monitoring chips. The film thickness sensitivities for various optical monitoring strategies differ considera...

Background: Numerous lasers are currently available for hair removal. Objective: To study the efficacy of a pulsed diode laser for removing unwanted hair. Patients and Methods: In this quasi-experimental clinical trial, 39 patients with unwanted hairs on chin referred to Novin-Didegan Laser Center in Tehran were treated with a diode laser system (Palomar, 810nm). Fluences ranging from 40 to 64 ...