The ecology of all bumblebees (Bombus spp.) is similar, yet some species have declined greatly while others remain abundant. We examine whether abundance is related to diet breadth. The floral visits of bumblebees were examined on Salisbury Plain, UK. All of the species examined gathered pollen mostly from Fabaceae. All species gathered nectar from a broader range of flowers than they did polle...

The ability of Meloidogyne trifoliophila to gall 230 species and cultivars of plants was determined in a greenhouse. All clovers (Trifolium spp.) were severely galled regardless of species or cultivar. Most soybean cultivars were moderately to severely galled. Among other legumes, broad bean, garden pea, Korean lespedeza, sweetclover, and common vetch were good hosts, but alfalfa, bird's-foot t...

Auxin is a pivotal plant hormone, usually occurring in the form of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). However, in maturing pea (Pisum sativum) seeds, the level of the chlorinated auxin, 4-chloroindole-3-acetic acid (4-Cl-IAA), greatly exceeds that of IAA. A key issue is how plants produce halogenated compounds such as 4-Cl-IAA. To better understand this topic, we investigated the distribution of the c...

Organic dairy farmers often introduce alternative pasture species, such as chicory (Cichorium intybus) and narrow-leaved plantain (Plantago lanceolata), to their swards because of their higher mineral contents, yet they are concerned about the presence of weed species such as docks (Rumex spp.) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale). The mineral content and nutritive value of both desired and les...

The true digestibility of amino acids of 5 groups of different Trifolium varieties and hybrids was established by using the balance method adapted for geese. Digestibility of the most important amino acids Lysine varies from 70.40 (for tetraplod red clover) to 81.78 (for medium leafy white clover varieties); for Methionine from 60.54 (for Trifolium repens f. giganteum) to 89.42 (diploid red clo...

صلاخلا ــ ة : مت ةقرولا هذه يف ءاشنإ يف هدعاسملل مدقتم ماظن بناوج ذيفنتو ميمصت ضرع قتو و مي ءادأ حيحصت تارفش لأا ءاطخ ةليلق لا ةناتم ، ةينبم ىلع ءوفاكتلا رايتخا . موقي امه نيتيسيئر نيتفيظوب ةساردلا هذه يف مدقتملا ماظنلا : 1 ادأ باسحل ةيزاوتملا هاآاحملا ء تارفش حيحصت لأا ءاطخ ةليلق نمزب ةفاثكلا ادج ريصق ةنراقم ةمظنأب ةاآاحملا ةدوجوملا . 2 ةليلق ءاطخلأا حيحصت تارفشو فعضلا قطانم صحف نع ة...

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل رابطه بین مهارت‌های رهبری پایدار و مؤلفه‌های هم‌­آفرینی نقش میانجی اعتماد شناختی از دیدگاه اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه بیرجند انجام گرفت.طراحی/روش­‌شناسی/رویکرد: روش توصیفی- همبستگی بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه در سال تحصیلی 98-99 به تعداد 323 نفر بودند که استفاده نمونه­‌گیری تصادفی ساده 230 انتخاب شدند. برای سنجش متغیرهای پرسش­نامه محقق‌­ساخته پایایی 93/0، پرسشنامه هم­‌آ...

Little information exists on establishment vigor differences among fine fescue taxa (Festuca L. spp.) and the effects N fertilizer levels or clover (Trifolium spp.)-inclusion during establishment. Five replicated field experiments in Indiana, Minnesota, Oregon were conducted from 2019 to 2021. Data collection continued for 9 mo after planting investigate four determine optimal fertility clover-...

Here, we describe Trifolium absconditum sp. nov., a new species of the T. amabile complex from South America. It differs from other Peruvian Trifolia of the complex by having smaller stipules, leaves, inflorescences, and floral pieces. A key for Peruvian species of the complex is presented, and typifications for them are made when necessary and material is available in Peruvian herbaria. Thus, ...

To better understand the naturally occurring host range of Bean pod mottle virus (family Comoviridae, genus Comovirus, BPMV) and its principal vector Cerotoma trifurcata (Förster) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), 18 field-collected perennial plant species were tested for the presence of BPMV. By using no-choice assays, we determined the preference of these plants by bean leaf beetle, by measuring t...