BACKGROUND Chronic epidemiologic studies of particulate matter (PM) are limited by the lack of monitoring data, relying instead on citywide ambient concentrations to estimate exposures. This method ignores within-city spatial gradients and restricts studies to areas with nearby monitoring data. This lack of data is particularly restrictive for fine particles (PM with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 ...

Replenishing nutrients through organic sources is essential to maintain the soil health and sustainability in Eastern Himalayan Region, India which is organic by default. Keeping this in mind an experiment was laid out on randomized block design with six treatments viz., T1: Vermicompost (VC; 2.5 Mg ha-1), T2: Poultry manure (PM; 1.25 Mg ha-1), T3: Swine manure (SM; 3.0 Mg ha-1), T4: Cow du...

Background: Reducing the effects of climate change and air pollution is a global priority at present. To formulate effective policies for achieving such a reduction requires a good understanding of the underlying phenomena. This study assessed the role of Nasr Kashan Factory in the emissions of particulate matter (PM). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, PM concentrations at 9 stations ins...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is described by a disruption in the normal function of the brain due to an injury following a trauma, which can potentially cause severe physical, cognitive, and emotional impairment. The use of human stem cells and self-assembling peptide scaffolds suggest huge potential for application in the treatment of TBI. In the present study, we surveyed the beneficial effec...

Background &amp;amp; Aims of the Study: Particulate matter pollutants have harmful effects on human health and can intensify mortality and disease. The aim of this study is evaluate to adverse health effects caused by exposure to PM 10 in Ahwaz, Bushehr and Kermanshah Cities during 2011. Materials &amp;amp; Methods: In this study, the Air Q2.2.3 model was used for estimated adverse health effec...

The present study is intended to develop a Preventive Maintenance (PM) policy for industrial applications, while considering two different objectives: the first objective is to optimize the total maintenance costs, i.e., the Preventive Maintenance (PM) and Emergency Maintenance (EM) Costs Per Unit Time. (CPUT). The second objective is to design the policy in such a way that the simplicity of it...

Background: In Persian medicine (PM), Achillea millefolium L. has a wide range of applications in the treatment of several diseases. Objective: The aim of this study is to introduce the viewpoints of PM scholars about this herb in the field of female diseases and to compare them with the recent studies. Methods: In this review study, therapeutic applications of Achillea millefolium in the fie...

The purpose of this paper is using the concepts of value engineering (VE) in evaluating the improvement caused by preventive maintenance (PM) systems in construction project. A real case is used to show how we can implement the proposed method. VE is the systematic application of recognized techniques by multi-disciplined teams that identifies the function of a product or service, establishes a...

This study applies periodic preventive maintenance (PM) to a repairable production system with major repairs conducted after a failure. This study considers failed PM due to maintenance workers incorrectly performing PM and damages occurring after PM. Therefore, three PM types are considered: imperfect PM, perfect PM and failed PM. Imperfect PM has the same failure rate as that before PM, where...

this paper considers the problem of scheduling hybrid flowshops with machine availability constraints (mac) to minimize makespan. the paper deals with a specific case of mac caused by preventive maintenance (pm) operations. contrary to previous papers considering fixed or/and conservative policies, we explore a case in which pm activities might be postponed or expedited while necessary. regardi...