Ornaments are a way to describe changes in datatype definitions that preserve their recursive structure, reorganizing, adding, or dropping some pieces of data so that functions operating on the bare definition can be partially and sometimes totally lifted into functions operating on the ornamented structure. We propose an extension of ML with higherorder ornaments. We introduce a meta-language ...

In her important 1979 paper “Aristoteles über Syllogismen ‘aufgrund einer Hypothese’”, 1 Gisela Striker provided an in-depth analysis of these vexing and perplexing Aristotelian arguments. She showed that they were Aristotle’s way of providing a logical vehicle for inferences based on other than term-logical relations; that the ‘hypothesis’ that gives them their name is best understood as a rul...

machine can be interpreted together as representing a list of items. (Maier and Hovy, 1991) The next class of relations are referred to as interpersonal relations. Each relation in this class has its own specific effect on the reader. For example, to convince or motivate the reader to do something. They are, therefore, similar to Mann and Thompson’s (Mann and Thompson, 1988) presentational rela...

The main goal of this article is to present systematic deduction of the idea of Investor Relations (IR) in a communication perspective. I have made a several specific distinctions to introduce the current concept of IR and how it has changed over the years. Moreover, I try to identify the most important aims of IR, as well as differentiate between its obligatory and optional aspects. The articl...

optimistically called Sex and Christian Freedom should fail to make any distinction between pre-marital and extra-marital sex. Dr. Hodgson's treatment of the theological side of his theme is thoughtful and undogmatic; his argument that true Christianity involves the perpetual evolution of a code rather than its fossilisation, is persuasive. But outside the Christian pale, his assessment of habi...

We construct the inverse partition semigroup IPX , isomorphic to the dual symmetric inverse monoid I∗ X , introduced in [6]. We give a convenient geometric illustration for elements of IPX . We describe all maximal subsemigroups of IPX and find a generating set for IPX when X is finite. We prove that all the automorphisms of IPX are inner. We show how to embed the symmetric inverse semigroup in...

In this paper we propose an argumentative account for a discourse constraint on the reinforcement of some implicatures. We argue that this constraint is not due to the nature of inferences at hand but rather on distinct argumentative relations between the propositions they express. We examine the effect of these relations on the possible discourse relations a speaker is entitled to use in his d...

Algebraic properties of logical relations on partially ordered sets are studied. It is shown how to construct a logical relation that extends a collection of base Galois connections to a Galois connection of arbitrary higher-order type. “Theorems-for-free” is used to show that the construction ensures safe abstract interpretation of parametrically polymorphic functions. The properties are used ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Increased demand for non-invasive cosmetic laser procedures has led to an increase in the use of physician extenders (PE). This demand has now led to a variety of medical legal concerns surrounding the use of lasers by non-physician PE. STUDY DESIGN This review looks at the evolution of the relationship between physicians and the various types of PE. The focus of the ...

I have been asked to respond to the comments of three of the most important Brazilian critical thinkers with regard to my short essay about cyber determination. In the first place, I am deeply thankful to the journal Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia for providing its valuable platform to publish this enriching dialogue raised by the commentaries. Secondly, I must also thank my commentators f...