Background: Cyclosporine is one of the main immunosuppressors used for renal transplant recipients, and is given to prevent transplant rejection. Although the drug increases the survival of patients and grafted organs, it has some side effects independent of its effect on the immune system that are usually ignored. Achillea Millefolium is famous for its medical application as an analgesic and a...

in recent years, preservation of fertility in women has been of great importance, especially in patients exposed to deleterious conditions on fertility. thus, cryopre-servation of human gametes, embryos and ovarian tissue has become an essential part of assisted reproduction. this approach limits the number of embryos transferred, while supernumerary oocytes and/ or embryos can be used in subse...

Background This study was undertaken to investigate the efficiency of two different embryo somatic cell co-culture conditions tissue culture medium 199 (TCM199)–vero cells and Menezo B2 (B2)-vero cells for the in vitro developmental quantity and quality of bovine embryos. MaterialsAndMethods Bovine oocytes were allowed to mature and subsequently undergo fertilization in vitro. Their presumptive...

Human sperm cryopreservation for assisted reproduction is compromised by ROS-induced sperm cryodamage. Our previous model study in which mouse sperm were treated with H₂O₂ to simulate sperm DNA-damage caused by cryopreservation-induced ROS have discovered that mouse embryos fertilized with treated sperm showed a delay in cleavage that might be associated with cell cycle arrest. The DNA-damage c...

Mating system parameters of a northern conifer, Pinus banksiana Lamb., were estimated from allozyme polymorphisms. Seeds analyzed were obtained from serotinous cones of 30 individuals and represented four independent fertilizations in 1975, 1976, 1977 and 1978. Results indicated that a mixed mating system model, with a mean effective outcrossing rate of 88 +/- 0.047%, described the mating syste...