http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.08.012 0003-3472/© 2014 The Association for the Study of A For many animals, a key benefit of group living is lowered predation risk. With increasing group size, individuals commonly reduce vigilance. This group size effect can arise from both dilution of risk and increased collective detection. To determine which was more important, we compared vigilanc...

Common name Zebra-Muschel (German), moule zebra (French), racicznica zmienna (English, Poland), zebra mussel (English), dreisena (Lithuanian, Lithuania), svitraina gliemene (Latvian, Latvia), vaeltajasimpukka (Finnish, Finland), Zebramuschel (German, Germany), wandering mussel (English), tavaline ehk muutlik r?ndkarp (Estonian, Estonia), Dreikantmuschel (German, Germany), vandremusling (Danish,...

Hybridization between an abundant species and an endangered species is cause for concern. When such hybridization is observed, it is both urgent and necessary to assess the level of threat posed to the endangered species. We report the first evidence of natural hybridization between two equids: the endangered Grevy’s zebra Equus grevyi and the abundant plains zebra Equus burchelli. Grevy’s zebr...

The BamHI Z Epstein-Barr replication activator (ZEBRA) mediates disruption of latency and induction of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) early gene expression in latently infected lymphocytes. Polyclonal rabbit sera raised against ZEBRA were used to immunoprecipitate ZEBRA-associated proteins (ZAPs). ZAPs of 19, 21, 23, and 42 kDa were coimmunoprecipitated with ZEBRA from extracts of EBV-producing lymph...

We have seen equivalence query, split query and merge query. In this lecture, we want to talk about ordinal query and hierarchical clustering in Zadeh and Kempe [1]. For a set of elements, we can cluster the elements that are “similar to each other”. Moreover, for a same set of elements, we can have different way of clustering based on smaller concept or broader concept. For example, cat and do...

A large-scale study of Saginaw Bay was initiated in 1990 and continued through 1993 to examine the effects of the zebra mussel colonization which began in summerlfall 1991. Saginaw Bay responded quickly to the zebra mussel colonization, as fall 1991 values of chlorophyll were similar to 1992 and 1993 values. In inner Saginaw Bay, where most zebra mussels were found, chlorophyll, kPAR, and total...

TO THE EDITOR: I read the Viewpoint article by Haouzi (1) entitled “Precedence and autocracy in breathing control” with great interest. The author makes a strong and informative case for the complexity of the mechanisms involved in the control of breathing. But he makes conventional error of assuming that “it evolved by chance and necessity . . . shaping the structures and functions of the resp...