The mutagenicity of eight Fusarium toxins (mono-, di-, and triacetoxyscirpenol, T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and moniliformin) and of two positive controls (aflatoxin B1 and sterigmatocystin) to histidine-requiring strains TA 98, 100, 1535, and 1537 of Salmonella typhimurium was tested both with and without metabolic activation. Both aflatoxin B1 and sterigma...

A novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on magnetic nanoparticles and biotin/streptavidin-HRP (MNP-bsELISA) was developed for rapid and sensitive detection of zearalenone (ZEN). The detection signal was enhanced and the sensitivity of the assay was improved by combined use of antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles and biotin-streptavidin system. Under the optimized conditions, the r...

Two samples of "refusal factor" corn, one stored frozen in Minnesota and one stored dry in Indiana since 1972 or 1973, were analyzed for the presence of Fusarium spp. and Fusarium toxins. Both samples were from corn refused by swine in Indiana from 1972 to 1973. Sample FS 808 (stored in Indiana) contained 20 ppm of deoxynivalenol (20 micrograms/g), 16 ppm of 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, 5 ppm of z...

Anti-zeranol 7-hemisuccinate-bovine serum albumin was raised in rabbits. This antiserum was used in a radio-immunoassay of zeranol residues in urine and plasma of calves implanted with Forplix. The antibody was specific for zeranol but cross-reacted with its metabolite zearalenone and the mycotoxin zearalenone. Detection limits in plasma and in urine were 100 pg/ml and 1 ng/ml respectively. In ...

The effects of nonsteroidal mycotoxin zearalenone on the lymphoid tissue of thymus in a sense of investigating the subacute toxicity Wistar-albino rats have been examined in the course of the study. We analyzed 42 rats' specimens of both gender, treated with three dosage levels: 0,5; 2 and 4 mg/kg of body weight, after oral submission of the compound, and observed during three different time in...

Moldy corn was substi tuted for normal corn in four dietary treatments to provide 0, 2.1, 3.7 and 4.8 ppm of zearalenone. The diets were fed to gilts from the day after first observed estrus through two gestation-lactation periods. Each diet was fed to 11 gilts initially. Overall reproductive performance appeared to decrease as the level of moldy corn in the diet increased, with fewer sows comp...

Mycotoxin is toxic secondary metabolite synthesized by filamentous fungi during their stationary phase of growth in agricultural crops, food and feed products. Niger State experienced high temperature humidity for about three-quarters the year, these are some conditions that encourage to produce mycotoxin Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used dectect mycotoxins. Mycological profile...