Keystroke-logging tools are widely used in writing process research. These applications are designed to capture each character and mouse movement as isolated events as an indicator of cognitive processes. The current research project explores the possibilities of aggregating the logged process data from the letter level (keystroke) to the word level by merging them with existing lexica and usin...

This paper describes a deployed educational technology application: the Criterion Online Essay Evaluation Service, a web-based system that provides automated scoring and evaluation of student essays. Criterion has two complementary applications: E-rater, an automated essay scoring system and Critique Writing Analysis Tools , a suite of programs that detect errors in grammar, usage, and mechani...

Synchronisation of replicated shared data is a key issue in collaborative writing systems. Most existing synchronization tools are specific to a particular type of shared data, i.e. text files, calendars, XML files. Therefore, users must use different tools to maintain their different copies up-to-date. In this paper we propose a generic synchronization framework based on the operational transf...

This paper describes two communication formalisms for Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) tools. First, a problem and solution language has been designed. The language will be used for writing problems to be input to ATP systems, and for writing solutions output by ATP systems. Second, a hierarchy of result statuses, which adequately express the range of results output by ATP systems, has been esta...

There are errors in the Author Contributions. Christoph Buettner should be listed as one of the persons who conceived and designed the experiments, analyzed the data, contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. The correct contributions are: Conceived and designed the experiments: MLM and CB. Performed the experiments: MLM EK CL MLF. Analyzed ...

For many years, the group of preferred programming languages for writing algorithms meant for large clusters contains among others C/C++ and FORTRAN. However, normally one does not consider the Microsoft .NET programming languages as a part of this group. The reason for this is that only few tools exist that can help programmers simplify the process of writing parallel .NET code besides the off...

This paper describes a deployed educational technology application: the Criterion Online Essay Evaluation Service, a web-based system that provides automated scoring and evaluation of student essays. Criterion has two complementary applications: E-rater, an automated essay scoring system and Critique Writing Analysis Tools , a suite of programs that detect errors in grammar, usage, and mechani...

The present study explored the intensity level of authorial voice in relation to the quality of argumentative writing. 42 undergraduate learners of English as a foreign language (36 girls and 6 boys) spent 45 minutes to individually complete in-class position-taking writing tasks for three weeks. Their overall academic writing quality scores assigned based on portfolio assessment were studied i...

technology application: the Criterion Online Essay Evaluation Service, a web-based system that provides automated scoring and evaluation of student essays. Criterion has two complementary applications: (1) Critique Writing Analysis Tools, a suite of programs that detect errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics, that identify discourse elements in the essay, and that recognize potentially undesir...