toefl ibt has turned recently heads to the impacts language tests can have on language learning. since error analysis-based instruction has gained a new life with the advent of the computer analysis of the learner’s language, the researchers of this study embarked on examining a sample of integrated and independent writing tasks of 45 iranian toefl ibt candidates in order to identify and classi...

Research in the language patterns that experienced writers use has now reached the point of providing useful suggestions for helping basic writing students achieve rapid and effective growth in writing. Shaughnessy, Hunt, Christensen, Williams, and the sentence combiners are among the many composition researchers and instructors who have observed that written English is different from spoken En...

In school, deaf and hard of hearing students (d/hh) are often exposed to American Sign Language (ASL) while also developing literacy skills in English. ASL does not have a written form, but is a fully accessible language to the d/hh through which it is possible to mediate understanding, draw on prior experiences, and engage critical thinking and reasoning (Allington & Johnston, 2002; Vygotsky, ...

This paper tests whether the Solow model augmented with multiple forms of human capital can explain cross-country difference in growth and investigates the effect of health on the growth of per capita income. Following Knowles and Owen (1995), we introduce both education human capital and health human capital into the textbook Solow model and extend their cross-section analysis to a dynamic pan...

this study investigated the impact of using the technique of self-monitoring on non-academic efl learners’ composition writing. fifty female students studying english at navid english institute in shiraz, iran were chosen based on the results of a proficiency test. they were all 16-20 years old and were intermediate learners of english who were divided into two control and experimental groups a...

Fifty-five word stories are brief pieces of creative writing that use elements of poetry, prose, or both to encapsulate key experiences in health care. These stories have appeared in Family Medicine and JAMA and have been used to teach family medicine faculty development fellows. Writers and readers of 55-word stories gain insight into key moments of the healing arts; the brevity of the pieces ...

Injured students-athletes took part in a randomized controlled trial to test whether written disclosure could reduce psychological distress and improve injury mobility. Writing took place alongside prescribed physical rehabilitation and consisted of three 20minute writing sessions, once a week for three consecutive weeks. Participants in the experimental injury-writing group (n = 25) followed a...

the research was aimed at finding out the effects of the implementation of writing feedback techniques and students’ writing anxiety on students’ writing ablity. experimental method of 3x2 factorial design was employed in the research. there were three experimental groups of students who were taught by using teacher feedback, peer feedback and the combination of peer and teacher feedback writin...