The impact of the Mongol invasions of the Middle East has been the subject of extensive research, especially in the last few decades. Scholars have evaluated the damage and the benefits brought by the Mongols to the Islamic world in different fields such as the military, religion, politics, economy and culture. Despite this, in the case of Anatolia, the Mongol period is still under-studied when...

ABSTRACT Bioorthogonal ligations have emerged as highly versatile chemical tools for biomedical research. The exceptionally fast reaction between 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and trans-cyclooctenes (TCOs), also known as tetrazine ligation, is frequently used in this regard. Growing numbers of applications for the tetrazine ligation led to an increased demand for TCO compounds, whose commercial availabili...

PROBLEM India has the world's largest number of maternal deaths estimated at 117,000 per year. Past efforts to provide skilled birth attendants and emergency obstetric care in rural areas have not succeeded because obstetricians are not willing to be posted in government hospitals at subdistrict level. APPROACH We have documented an innovative public-private partnership scheme between the Gov...

CIAT has the responsibility to coordinate the Systemwide Tropical Whitefly IPM Program (SPIPMTWFP), and its various sub-projects in the Americas (described as activities in this section of the annual report), Southeast Asia and subSaharan Africa. These projects are funded by different donors, namely: The United Kingdom Department for International Development (DFID); the United States (USAID) a...

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The problem of weakly correlated electrons on a square lattice is formulated in terms of one-loop renormalization group. Starting from the action for the entire Brillouin zone (and not with a low-energy effective action) we reduce successively the cutoff Λ about the Fermi surface and follow the renormalization of the coupling U as a function of three energy-momenta. We calculate the intrinsic s...