in order to evaluate the efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr) plus nitrogen and phosphorous chemical fertilizers on relative agronomic efficiency of p and n fertilizers and some agronomic parameters of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivar n-80-19, an experiment was conducted at sari agricultural sciences and natural resources university during growing season of 2008-2009. ...

INTRODUCTION Industrial nitrogen fixation plays an important role in sustaining approximately 40% of the Earth’s population through generation of synthetic fertilizers. Annually, ca. 500 million tons of anhydrous ammonia, ammonium nitrate, and urea are produced through the Haber-Bosch process, which requires harsh conditions (200 atm, 450-500C) and affords low yields 10-20%. It has been estimat...

Nitrogen is abundant in the earth's atmosphere but, unlike carbon, cannot be directly assimilated by plants. The limitation this places on plant productivity has been circumvented in contemporary agriculture through the production and application of chemical fertilizers. The chemical reduction of nitrogen for this purpose consumes large amounts of energy and the reactive nitrogen released into ...

introduction given the importance of nitrogen for improving the quantitative and qualitative yield of crops (rodrigues et al., 2006) and the need for application of chemical fertilizers in intensive agriculture to get the maximum production, nitrogen supply in adequate amounts by ecologically avowed resources is known as one of the main challenges during transition from conventional to organic ...

Agriculture can play a primary role in the context of nutrients recovery by promoting use organic fertilizers (OFs). In order to them efficiently, it is necessary predict nitrogen (N) bioavailability, which challenging matter due different physical-chemical characteristics commercially available OFs. This study aims evaluate hot-water extractable N as rapid and cheap chemical indicator bioavail...

The effect of different systems of N fertilization on nitrogen balance and N transformation in the soil was studied in long-term stationary experiments (1991–2002) with successive growing of maize. Average dry matter yield for the control without fertilization in the period 1991–2002 was 11.67 t of dry matter per ha, which was by 2–2.9 t less than for fertilization treatments. Statistically sig...

background and objectives: soybean is one of the plants that need large amounts of nitrogen for grain yield production. todays bio-fertilizers are considered as a best replacement for chemical nitrogen to increase soil fertility and sustained agricultural production. meanwhile, the use of soybean symbiotic bacteria and nitroxin, which contain the most effective nitrogen-fixing bacteria of the g...

in this research, the effects of organic fertilizers (bovine, sheep, leaf mould and vermicompost fertilizers) combined with foliar application of salicylic acid (sa) at the rate of 0, 10-2, 10-4 and 10-6 m on essential oil percentage and some secondary metabolites of lemon balm were investigated. the experiment was conducted as complete randomized block design with factorial arrangement in pots...