Research during the last several decades indicates the failure of existing nutritional labels to substantially improve the healthfulness of consumers' food/beverage choices. The present study aims to fill this void by developing a nutrition metric that is more comprehensible to the average shopper. The healthfulness ratings of 205 sample foods/beverages by leading nutrition experts formed the b...

This pilot study addresses the legal and scientific ramifications of the "certainty" expressed by mental health professionals when functioning as expert witnesses in criminal and civil proceedings. The sporadic attention paid to "certainty" in the professional literature has typically taken the form of general policy oriented analyses as opposed to empirical, data-driven investigations. In the ...

This paper presents a method for constructing belief functions from elicited expert opinions expressed in terms of qualitative preference relations. These preferences are transformed into constraints of an optimization problem whose resolution allows the generation of the least informative belief functions according to some uncertainty measures. Mono-objective and Multiobjective optimization te...

The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used as a modelling and solution tool for multicriteria decision making. The AHP breaks a problem down and then aggregates the solutions of all the subproblems into a conclusion. By breaking it down, the AHP utilizes the human ability to make sound judgements about small problems. (see Saaty 1991 and Saaty 1996.) The most creative part of decision making ...

Colonoscopy is a widely performed procedure with procedural volumes increasing annually throughout the world. Many procedures are now performed as part of colorectal cancer screening programmes. Colonoscopy should be of high quality and measures of this quality should be evidence based. New UK key performance indicators and quality assurance standards have been developed by a working group with...

Municipal solid waste management is a major challenge, especially in metropolises. This research focuses on a non-technical issue in municipal solid waste management named municipal solid waste separation at the source and seeks to find the best policy in terms of model results. Source separation for recycling has been recognized as a way to achieve sustainable municipal solid waste (MSW) manag...

The Comprehensive System, currently commonly called the exner system, was established in the USA in 1974 as a result of empirical research concerning procedures and interpretations of the rorschach Test. In a short time, it gained recognition in the world as a method that fulfilled psychometric criteria and was at the same time resistant to cheating, removing the stigma of magic from the test. ...

This paper introduces a multi-label classification problem to the field of human computation. The problem involves training data such that each instance belongs to a set of classes. The true class sets of all the instances are provided together with their estimations presented by m human experts. Given the training data and the class-set estimates of the m experts for a new instance, the multil...

Background: Health and justice have to communicate whenever the question of legal responsibility is raised with respect to a person accused of a serious crime. Both recommendations and practices on expert report design and content vary widely. Methods: This paper briefly reviews the characteristics of 27 reports accepted as persuasive in contested New Zealand cases. Results and conclusions: Rel...