We show that controlling relative phases of electromagnetic fields driving an atom with a Δ-configuration energy-level structure enables optical susceptibility to be engineered in novel ways. In particular, relative-phase control can yield electromagnetically induced transparency but with the benefit that the transparency window is sandwiched between an absorption and an amplification band rath...

The quantum coherence phenomenon of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is observed in a three-level system composed of an excited state and two coherent superpositions of the two ground-state levels. This peculiar ground state basis is composed of the so-called bright and dark states of the same atomic system in a standard coherent population trapping configuration. The characterist...

The background oriented schlieren method (BOS) allows for accurate flow measurements with a simple experimental configuration. To estimate per-pixel displacement vectors between two images, BOS systems traditionally borrow window-based algorithms from particle image velocimetry. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of more recent optical flow methods in BOS settings. We also analyze the i...

In a photoionization spectrum in which there is no excitation of the discrete states, but only the underlying continuum, we have observed resonances which appear as symmetric peaks, not the commonly expected window resonances. Furthermore, since the excitation to the unperturbed continuum vanishes, the cross section expected from Fano's configuration interaction theory is identically zero. This...

We successfully closed the isolated patent ductus arteriosus in 58 of 61 consecutive patients using the transfemoral-catheter method originally introduced by Porstmann in 1968. To perform this technique more safely and reliably, some instrumental and technical improvements were made. The indications for this method have been expanded to include the cylindrical or window-type ductus as well as t...

This research examines the approach of treating an interface management problem as a multiagent planning task. Using this metaphor, a mixed-initiative planning agent perceives the user desktop as an initial state from which to achieve goals such as having no clutter. The agent then can develop and execute plans whose actions change the state configuration. Subsequent user actions then present t...

A bistatic X-band experiment was successfully performed early November 2007. TerraSAR-X was used as transmitter and DLR’s new airborne radar system F-SAR, which was programmed to acquire data in a quasicontinuous mode to avoid echo window synchronization issues, was used as bistatic receiver. Precise phase and time referencing between both systems, which is essential for obtaining high resoluti...

A detailed description of the Internet Protocol Address Assignment (IPAA) is presented and state diagrams for its behavior constructed. Formulae for the expected latency and communication overhead of the IPAA protocol are derived, with the results being given as functions of the number of nodes in the network with message loss rate, contention window size, coverage ratio, and the counter thresh...

An effective resolution multiprocessor can be built from distributed processing, logic programming, and interface elements. Widely used, portable, components can be modularly composed into a portable parallel system that displays good resistance to premature obsolescence by software evolution. A virtual multiprocessor offering common message passing and configuration services integrates a distr...

Todays, in many modern applications, we search for frequent and repeating patterns in the analyzed data sets. In this search, we look for patterns that frequently appear in data set and mark them as frequent patterns to enable users to make decisions based on these discoveries. Most algorithms presented in the context of data stream mining and frequent pattern detection, work either on uncertai...