the present study aimed to investigate representation of discourse markers and metadiscourse markers in conversations and readings of general elt coursebook series used in the language centers of iran. to this aim, four elt coursebooks popularly taught in language centers of this country were analyzed based on fung and carter’s (2007) framework regarding discourse markers and hyland’s (2005) fr...

چکیده در این پژوهش، رابطه بین سبک های مقابله ای با جرأت ورزی و پرخاشگری در دانشجویان دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره) بررسی شد. نمونه مورد بررسی، شامل 200 نفر (121 زن و 79 مرد) از دانشجویان دانشگاه مورد نظر در دو جنس است که از طریق روش نمونه گیری خوشه ای تصادفی، انتخاب و به پرسشنامه های الگوهای پاسخ دهی بین فردی تونند و پرسشنامه سبک های مقابله ای اندلر و پارکر پاسخ دادند. همچنین از روش های ...

writing as a productive skill requires practice in the basic sub-skills of vocabulary and grammar. in fact, grammar has been viewed as the core of programs in writing classes to help the students put the elements of sentence together and combine sentences of specific lengths to come up with an error-free work of art. conceptualizing l2 writing in this way introduces writing as a product and enc...

abstract this study examined the relationship between noticing pronunciation and the improvement pronunciation by administering a 50 item story, as proficiency- test in order to investigate the effectiveness of noticing pronunciation on the improvement of pronunciation. accordingly 60 qualified students were selected and assigned to the two groups of experimental and control randomly, each gr...

the present dissertation aims to investigate four-word lexical bundles in applied linguistics research articles by iranian and internationally-published writers. the aims of this study are two-fold: first of all, attempts have been made to create a comprehensive list of the most commonly used four-word lexical bundles categorized by their type and token frequency, their structural characteristi...

the main purpose of this study was to investigate any relationship between high school efl teachers metaphorical understandings of their role in class and their self-efficacy beliefs. teachers metaphors were elicited through two different prompts: one picturing what they believed a language teacher should be like in class, and the other demonstrating what they are actually like in class; such...

the effect of learning strategies on the speaking ability of iranian students in the context of language institutes abstract language learning strategies are of the most important factors that help language learners to learn a foreign language and how they can deal with the four language skills specifically speaking skill effectively. acknowledging the great impact of learning strategies...

in this thesis a calibration transfer method is used to achieve bilinearity for augmented first order kinetic data. first, the proposed method is investigated using simulated data and next the concept is applied to experimental data. the experimental data consists of spectroscopic monitoring of the first order degradation reaction of carbaryl. this component is used for control of pests in frui...

monumental changes occurring on a daily basis have altered the world into a global village of expanding technology and shrinking geography in which preparing language learners for intercultural communication seems to be a sine qua non for modern language education. employing a cross-sectional design in its first phase, this study investigated the intercultural sensitivity and language proficien...

this study investigated how group formation method, namely student-selected vs. teacher-assigned, influences the results of the community model of teaching creative writing; i.e., group dynamics and group outcome (the quality of performance). the study adopted an experimental comparison group and microgenetic research design to observe the change process over a relatively short period of time. ...