In this article, we offer a critical view of Thibodeau and Boroditsky who report an effect of metaphorical framing on readers' preference for political measures after exposure to a short text on the increase of crime in a fictitious town: when crime was metaphorically presented as a beast, readers became more enforcement-oriented than when crime was metaphorically framed as a virus. We argue th...

The objective of this paper is to present a new dimension of Game Theoretic Semantics (GTS) using the idea of the coordination problem game to explain the semantics of metaphor. A metaphorical expression1 such as ‘man is a wolf’ is a contradictory statement that insists all objects in the set of ‘man’ also falls under ‘wolf’. The study of metaphorical expression should be on intentions of such ...

department of islamic philosophy and wisdom, zanjan university bringing up the ancients’ views and asking about their ultimate condition in mullā ṣadrā’s thinking and that of his disciples has had a significant impact on the formation and development of the motion theory. mentioning the names and bringing up the views of the ancient greek philosophers, as evidences for truthfulness in the disco...

Based on eleven themes, this paper synthesizes in-depth case studies that present historical accounts on the development ‘success’ for a number of more economically advanced countries. The coverage includes Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden), non-Nordic advanced countries (Ireland, Japan, and Switzerland) and transition economies (Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland), along...

An empirical study is presented that tests a novel prediction generated by the Metaphor-by-Pattern-Completion (MPC) connectionist model of metaphor comprehension (Thomas & Mareschal, 2001). The MPC model predicts a developmental progression in the way that children process metaphors, from a preference for basic-level metaphors to a preference for subordinate-level metaphors. Preference for diff...

The purpose of the article is to consider method accounting for settlements with debtors and creditors determine directions its improvement. Methodology. theoretical methodological basis study a systematic approach practical tools settlement transactions. In process research systematization obtained results, general scientific special methods were used: abstract-theoretical, historical, dialect...

A common view in epistemology is that some beliefs are more entrenched than others. This view is plausible, but we show that it fails to explain which statements individuals tend to doubt when an incontrovertible fact is inconsistent with the relevant set of statements. We report three studies that each show that the believability of statements is influenced by context. Given a conditional of t...