The sequential $p$-convergence in a fuzzy metric space, in the sense of George and Veeramani, was introduced by D. Mihet as a weaker concept than convergence. Here we introduce a stronger concept called $s$-convergence, and we characterize those fuzzy metric spaces in which convergent sequences are $s$-convergent. In such a case $M$ is called an $s$-fuzzy metric. If $(N_M,ast)$ is a fuzzy metri...

let be a set and let be the set of subsets of . the pair in which is a collection of elements of (blocks) is called a design if every element of appears in , times. is called a symmetric design if . in a symmetric design, each element of appears times in blocks of . a mapping between two designs and is an isomorphism if is a one-to-one correspondence and . every isomorphism of a design, , to it...

The synthesis and characterization of some new binuclear copper (II) complexes, based on the use of large, pyrole-containing macrocycles, the so called "expanded porphyrins", [Cu2(macrocycle)]+4 is described. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) studies indicate a weak "half-field line", which is characteristic of the Cu(II)-Cu(II) dimer, is observed at about 1600G. The obser...

In this paper, we introduce a new generalization of weakly prime ideals called $I$-prime. Suppose $R$ is a commutative ring with identity and $I$ a fixed ideal of $R$. A proper ideal $P$ of $R$ is $I$-prime if for $a, b in R$ with $ab in P-IP$ implies either $a in P$ or $b in P$. We give some characterizations of $I$-prime ideals and study some of its properties.  Moreover, we give conditions  ...

let g=(v,e) be a simple graph. an edge labeling f:e to {0,1} induces a vertex labeling f^+:v to z_2 defined by $f^+(v)equiv sumlimits_{uvin e} f(uv)pmod{2}$ for each $v in v$, where z_2={0,1} is the additive group of order 2. for $iin{0,1}$, let e_f(i)=|f^{-1}(i)| and v_f(i)=|(f^+)^{-1}(i)|. a labeling f is called edge-friendly if $|e_f(1)-e_f(0)|le 1$. i_f(g)=v_f(1)-v_f(0) is called the edge-f...