A muscle synergy is a coordinative structure of muscles that has been proposed as a strategy to reduce the number of variables that the central nervous system (CNS) has to address in motor tasks. In this article, the mechanical contribution of muscle synergies and coordinative structures of muscles in voluntary multi-directional postural control were investigated. The task for healthy, young su...

In recent years the popularity of biofuels has been transformed from a sustainable option for transportation to a questionable and criticized method. Many reports have therefore been produced to view biofuel production from a life cycle perspective; though results may be misleading. In a number of the reports, biofuel production is viewed in a linear manner, i.e. crops and energy in and biofuel...

Biomass for bioenergy is debated for its potential synergies or tradeoffs with other provisioning and regulating ecosystem services (ESS). This biomass may originate from different production systems and may be purposefully grown or obtained from residues. Increased concerns globally about the sustainable production of biomass for bioenergy has resulted in numerous certification schemes focusin...

Microencapsulation technology has been used from 1930s in packaging flavors and vitamins. Since the first commercial product was introduced for the carbonless copying paper, the technology has advanced to a new level. Various microencapsulation techniques are available nowadays, and the microencapsulated products are widely used in pharmaceutical, biomedical, agricultural, food, consumer produc...

regarding to role and importance of conversion and compietion industries in preventing to agricultural waste, establishment of these industries is an appropriate solution to agricultural development. regarding to this problem that these industries are faced with inadequate supply of raw materials in terms of appropriate price and quality in their location, this study is ranking the cities of ma...

Mountain ecosystems provide a broad range of ecosystem services (ES). Trade-offs between different ES are an important aspect in the assessment of future sustainable land-use. Management of ES in mountain regions must confront the challenges of spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and interaction with structural changes in agriculture and forestry. Using a social-ecological modeling framework, w...