Nitrogen availability and illumination intensity are two key factors which affect rice growth. However, their influences on total nitrogen accumulation, photosynthetic rate, root morphologies, and yields are not fully understood. We conducted two field experiments to (1) evaluate the effects of shading under different N treatments on photosynthetic parameters, root morphologies, total nutrient ...

We studied the integration of image disparities, edge information, and shading in the three-dimensional perception of complex yet well-controlled images generated with a computer-graphics system. The images showed end-on views of flat- and smooth-shaded ellipsoids, i.e., images with and without intensity discontinuities (edges). A map of perceived depth was measured by adjusting a small stereo ...

Photovoltaic array exhibits highly nonlinear electrical characteristics and the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is always challenging. It becomes more complex during partial shading condition. The P-V array characteristics for shading condition have multiple maxima points and conventional MPPT technique fails to track global maximum power point. The operating point may settle at local point...

In this paper, we present our practical examples of physically based shading models that we implemented. In the game industry, traditional ad-hoc shading models are mainly used because of performance, though recently, physically based models have been attracting more attention. In our studio, artists had some difficulty setting parameters for physically correct materials using the following ad ...

Self-shading of light by algae growing in a column of water plays an important:role in the dynamics of algal blooms. Thus without self-shading the algal concentration would increase more rapidly, making the nutrient limitation too strong. Apart from the practical importance of self-shading, its inherent nonlinearity in the growth dynamics leads to an interesting mathematical problem, which warr...

Complex procedural shaders are commonly used to enrich the appearance of high-quality computer animations. In traditional rendering architectures the shading computation is performed independently for each animation frame which leads to significant costs. In this paper we propose an approach which eliminates redundant computation between subsequent frames by exploiting temporal coherence in sha...

Existing Shape from Shading algorithms are not robust enough to work reliably with real images. We present a new paradigm for Shape from Shading based upon & scale space surface representation. Using this representation, the Shape from Shading problem becomes one of forming a surface from gaussian basis functions in such a way that the shading in the original image is explained. The algorithm i...