Crop agronomic parameters (leaf area index (LAI), nitrogen (N) uptake, total chlorophyll (Chl) content ) are very important for the prediction of crop growth. The objective of this experiment was to investigate whether the wheat LAI, N uptake, and total Chl content could be accurately predicted using spectral indices collected at different stages of wheat growth. Firstly, the product of the opt...

soil and water salinity are amongst the severe and progressive problems worldwide which affects most cropland areas of iran. using endophytic microorganisms (which are amongst the most important soil microorganisms) to alleviate the detrimental effect of environmental stresses such as salinity is recently globally considered. in order to test the effects of azospirillum strains and fungus pirif...

Winter wheat is one kind of important crop in China. It’s planting area is one key element to explain yield change. To obtain winter wheat planting area as soon as possible can provide scientific reference for our country’s making related policy. Basing on the cropping system in Shandong province, winter wheat is divided into two kinds “winter wheat sowed by machine-maize” and “people broadcast...

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) represents about 30% of the world’s cereal area, with over 220 million ha cultivated worldwide, often under abiotic stress. Wheat growth can be impaired by heat stress (HS) at any developmental stage, and modeling scenarios predict even warmer temperatures in the future (Easterling and Apps, 2005). The worst impacts of rising temperatures will occur at low latitudes (w...

Based on our previous study, cereal crop wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) could be infected by rhizobia Azorhizobium caulinodans ORS571, and form para-nodules with the induction of 2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a common plant growth regulator. To enhance this infection and the potential agricultural application, we compared six different infection methods (Direct seed dip; Seed germination dip; P...

The activities of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes produced by an anaerobic fungus (R1) which resembled Neocallimastix sp. were investigated. Carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), cellobiase, and filter paper (FPase) activities had pH optima of 6.0, 5.5, and 6.0, respectively. CMCase and cellobiase activities both had a temperature optimum of 50 degrees C, whereas FPase had an optimum of 45 degr...

A field experiment was conducted under a wheat-maize rotation system from 1990 to 2006 in North China Plain (NCP) to determine the effects of N, P and K on yield and yield gap. There were five treatments: NPK, PK, NK, NP and a control. Average wheat and maize yields were the highest in the NPK treatment, followed by those in the NP plots among all treatments. For wheat and maize yield, a signif...

Effects of Fe-chlorophyllin on the growth of wheat root were investigated in this study. We found that Fe-chlorophyllin can promote root growth. The production of nitric oxide in wheat root was detected using DAF-2DA fluorescent emission. The intensity of fluorescent in the presence of 0.1 mg/L Fe-chlorophyllin was near to that observed with the positive control of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), t...

The feeding value of extruded and nonextruded wheat and corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) for broilers was evaluated in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, male broilers (n=360) housed in battery cages were fed assay diets that included either 15 or 30% wheat or corn DDGS (extruded or not) in relation to a basal diet from d 21 to 28. Birds were killed on d 28 and ileal digesta was c...