A life cycle assessment of the impact of distillers grains plus solubles (DGS) on mitigation of energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions comparing corn ethanol to gasoline demonstrates the importance of feeding wet DGS (WDGS) to feedlot cattle to optimize the environmental benefit of ethanol production relative to gasoline. Ethanol produced in Nebraska has a superior environmental impact compa...

A hollow cylinder apparatus was used to study some engineering properties of hollow cylindrical sand specimens prepared using the wet-pluviation technique. The refined specimen preparation method displayed good repeatability. Wet pluviation produced inherently cross-anisotropic specimens, with the level of initial anisotropy reducing with decreasing initial void ratio. The variation in the init...

The objectives of this chapter are twofold: firstly to introduce DNA computation, and secondly to demonstrate how DNA computing can be applied to solve large, complex combinatorial problems, such as the optimal scheduling of a group of elevators servicing a number of floors in a multi-storey building. Recently, molecular (or wet) computing has been widely researched not only within the context ...

Viruses affect biogeochemical cycling, microbial mortality, gene flow, and metabolic functions in diverse environments through infection and lysis of microorganisms. Fundamental to quantitatively investigating these roles is the determination of viral abundance in both field and laboratory samples. One current, widely used method to accomplish this with aquatic samples is the "filter mount" met...

We investigated the effects of recent moisture history on the relative production of N2O and N2 during denitrification in soil from cropped and successional ecosystems. The soils were pedogenically identical but had been managed differently for the past decade. Sieved soils were amended with nitrate, glucose, and water. Long-wet and short-wet incubations received 80 and 0%, respectively, of pre...

BACKGROUND Wet swallows cause a greater esophageal contraction amplitude and duration than dry swallows. In Chagas' disease there is a reduction in amplitude of esophageal contraction but we do not know if the difference between wet and dry swallows is seen in the disease. AIM To compare the esophageal contractions after wet and dry swallows in patients with Chagas' disease. METHODS We meas...

The wet strength of paper is an important physical property, especially for household paper, e.g., paper towels, as well as for some functional paper grades. However, in the literature, various conditions of immersing the samples in water before testing have been reported, resulting in differences in their extent of saturation and inconsistency in the testing results. Also, the dryness of paper...

We report on a method to fabricate nanometer scale mechanical structures from bulk, single-crystal Si substrates. A technique developed previously required more complex fabrication methods and an undercut step using wet chemical processing. Our method does not require low pressure chemical vapor deposition of intermediate masking layers, and the final step in the processing uses a dry etch tech...

A new multispectral image classification method is presented. The method is based on dividing the Near Infrared “NIR” and Visible Red “VR” scatterplot diagram into regions corresponding to their reflectance values. The best line discriminating the Soil’s components from the vegetated area is recognized by utilizing the least square fitting criterion. The vegetate line which differentiate the fu...

The VI-Ts diagram determined by the scatter points of the vegetation index (VI) and surface temperature (Ts) has been widely applied in land surface studies. In the VI-Ts diagram, dry point is defined as a pixel with maximum Ts and minimum VI, while wet point is defined as a pixel with minimum Ts and maximum VI. If both dry and wet points can be obtained simultaneously, a triangular VI-Ts diagr...