Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a branch of management, concerned with evaluating the performances of homogeneous Decision Making Units (DMUs). The performances of DMUs are affected by the amount of sources that DMUs used. Usually increases in inputs cause increases in outputs. However, there are situations where increase in one or more inputs generate a reduction in one or more outputs. In ...

In today’s restructured environment, congestion management plays an essential role in power system operation. Different methods are presented and discussed in this respect for congestion management in short-term and long-term intervals. It is attempted in the present paper to investigate the impact mechanism of FACTS devices and demand response programs together with generation re-dispatch as s...

In Local Area Networks (LAN) connected together by bridges, flow control and smooth traffic in the network is very important. However, congestion at bridges can cause intensive loss of received frames. In addition, the received frames are thrown away and have to be retransmitted by the source station, which causes more congestion and massive reduction in the overall network throughput. The netw...

The IETF’s standard congestion control schemes have been widely shown to be inadequate for various environments (e.g., high-speed networks). Recent research has yielded many alternate congestion control schemes that significantly differ from the IETF’s congestion control principles. Using these new congestion control schemes in the global Internet has possible ramifications to both the traffic ...

The IETF’s standard congestion control schemes have been widely shown to be inadequate for various environments (e.g., high-speed networks). Recent research has yielded many alternate congestion control schemes that significantly differ from the IETF’s congestion control principles. Using these new congestion control schemes in the global Internet has possible ramifications to both the traffic ...

The C–H bond of the methylidyne radical, CH•, is abnormally long and weak, even longer weaker than that methane, CH4. This remarkable given fact has been shown to contract as number substituents around pertinent carbon atom decreases (e.g., from ethane ethene ethyne) because accompanying reduction in steric congestion. To elucidate origin this anomaly, we have analyzed bonding mechanism quartet...

Wireless networks have long suffered from congestion. It occurs when source node transmits the data at a rate greater than that of a network device can accommodate. It causes the buffer on such devices to fill up and possibly overflow. It results in loss of packets. Most of the Routing protocols which are currently in use are not congestion Adaptive. Existing congestion control schemes treat co...

Acute venous congestion leads to blood stasis in the tissue and impaired blood perfusion. Using medicinal leech is an old method for reducing tissue congestion. There are numerous factors in leech saliva and hirudin that have important roles in the leeching beneficial effect. In this study, an animal study was performed to compare leech therapy with heparin therapy in the treatment of acute ven...

Congestion management in electricity markets is traditionally done using deterministic values of power system parameters considering a fixed network configuration. In this paper, a stochastic programming framework is proposed for congestion management considering the power system uncertainties. The uncertainty sources that are modeled in the proposed stochastic framework consist of contingencie...

We demonstrate an experiment which utilizes a Sagnac interferometer to measure a change in optical frequency of 129 ± 7 kHz/√Hz with only 2 mW of continuous-wave, single-mode input power. We describe the measurement of a weak value and show how even higher-frequency sensitivities may be obtained over a bandwidth of several nanometers. This technique has many possible applications, such as preci...