BACKGROUND In observational studies concerning drug use and misuse, persons misusing drugs may be less likely to respond to surveys. However, little is known about differences in drug use and drug misuse risk factors between survey respondents and nonrespondents. METHODS Using electronic health record (EHR) data, we compared respondents and non-respondents in a telephone survey of middle-aged...

A common hypothesis about practices to reduce survey nonresponse is that those persons brought into the respondent pool through persuasive efforts may provide data filled with measurement error. Two questions flow from this hypothesis. First, does the mean square error of a statistic increase when sample persons who are less likely to be contacted or cooperate are incorporated into the responde...

Missing values are endemic in the data sets available to econometricians. This paper suggests a unified likelihood-based approach to deal with several nonignorable missing data problems for discrete choice models. Our concern is when either the dependent variable is unobserved or situations when both dependent variable and covariates are missing for some sampling units. These cases are also con...

When conducting a forest inventory, sometimes portions of plots cannot be measured due to inaccessibility. Two primary methods have been presented account for partial nonresponse in the estimation phase: (i) use ratio-to-size estimator or (ii) apply an adjustment factor all plot observations proportion missing area. Both approaches provide identical estimates population mean, but variance diffe...

Abstract The Timber Products Output (TPO) survey is used to determine industrial uses of roundwood, reporting on volumes roundwood received and residues generated by the primary forest industry tree species counties harvest. This knowledge aids stakeholders in making informed decisions about available resources and/or harvest intensity. widespread use TPO estimates makes it important understand...

Abstract Many surveys collect information on discrete characteristics and continuous variables, that is, mixed-type variables. Small-area statistics of interest include means or proportions the response variables as well their domain means, which are mean values at each level a different categorical variable. However, item nonresponse in survey data increases complexity small-area estimation. T...

The substitution of a nonresponding unit with one not originally selected in the sample is a commonly used method for dealing with unit nonresponse. Although frequently used in practice, substitution is largely neglected in the survey sampling literature. To date, few studies have attempted to develop a formal framework for describing and evaluating substitution methods, and little research has...