Water treatment residues (WTR), the by-products of the production of potable water, are chemically benign, inorganic materials which are suitable for disposal by land application, though they are frequently reported to have high phosphorus (P) sorption capacities. An understanding of the distribution of inherent P in WTR is, however, required, if sorption-desorption processes are to be correctl...

Humic substances are highly abundant organic compounds formed in soils and sediments by the decay of dead plants, microbes and animals. This book focuses on the important binding properties of these compounds that regulate the chemical reactivity and bioavailability of hydrogen andmetal ions in the natural environment. Topics covered include the physico-chemical properties of humic matter and i...

The rejection thresholds of the blowfly Phormia regina Meigen for a selected series of substituted aliphatic hydrocarbons have been determined and an analysis made of the effect on stimulation of increasing the number of like substitutions from one to two, of the interaction of different types of substituent, and of the position of the substituent in the molecule. The order of stimulating effic...

BACKGROUND Recent metabolic engineering efforts have generated microorganisms that can produce biofuels, including bio-jet fuels, however these fuels are often toxic to cells, limiting production yields. There are natural examples of microorganisms that have evolved mechanisms for tolerating hydrocarbon-rich environments, such as those that thrive near natural oil seeps and in oil-polluted wate...

The links between chemical properties, including those relating to molecular size, solubility, hydrophobicity and vapour pressure, and rejection of model aromatic micro-pollutants by a tubular, hydrophilic polymer pervaporation membrane designed for irrigation applications were investigated. Open air experiments were conducted at room temperature for individual solutions of fluorene, naphthalen...

The unique physico-chemical properties of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have opened up the opportunity for their use in many promising physicochemical and biomedical applications. In this study, an economically feasible approach to green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) is described using hemicellulose from bamboo. Simultaneously, glucose was used as the reducing agent, and distilled ...

The French cosmetics industry has been marketing thermal mineral waters that have certain biological effects. Previous studies have demonstrated that oligomineral elements have hydrating, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. This literature review discusses in vitro and in vivo clinical studies of commercially available thermal mineral waters to determine their effects on the skin and...

A novel procedure has been developed to retrieve, simultaneously, the optical, microphysical and chemical properties of tropospheric aerosols with a multi-wavelength Raman lidar system in the troposphere over an urban site (Athens, Greece: 37.9 N, 23.6 E, 200 m a.s.l.) using data obtained during the European Space Agency (ESA) THERMOPOLIS project, which took place between 15–31 July 2009 over t...

This study evaluated the chemical properties such as water sorption, water solubility and solvent resistance of a new resin material consisting of 1,3-bis(3-methacryloxypropyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (BMPMS) and methyl methacrylate (MMA). Water sorption was evaluated by immersing the specimens in water at 37±1°C for 1 week, water solubility was evaluated by keeping the specimens in a des...

Some physico-chemical properties and the concentrations of the metals Fe, Mn, Ni, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, and Zn in water and sediments were examined from September 2011 to January 2012 in Bodo Creek, where oil spills have been recurrent. Temperature, pH, total dissolved solid, conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total hardness, su...