Omission of frequency-dependent hydraulic resistance (skin friction) during modelling the water hammer phenomenon is unacceptable. This plays a major role when transient liquid flow occurs in rigid-walled pipes (steel, copper, etc.). In literature, there are at least two different approaches to skin friction. The first group consists models based on instantaneous changes local and convective ve...

Green water events may present different features in the initial stage of interaction with deck a structure. It is therefore important to investigate evolution types green water, since not all interact at same time. In this paper, three (dam-break, plunging-dam-break, and hammer-fist) are studied. The surface elevations volumes over consecutive events, generated by incident [wave trains wave fl...

Water-hammer is a transient condition which may occur in a network as a result of rapid or slow valve closures, pump failures, changes in turbine loading, etc. It creates high and low pressure waves which travel along the system and decay as a result of wall shear stress. Comparison o experimental and theoretical results revealed the failure of steady or quasi-steady models in correctly predict...

The current research deals with practical studies that explain to the Iraqi consumer multiple instances about phenomenon of water hammer which occur in pipeline operating pressure. It concern a study characteristics this and economically harmful same time. Multiple pipe fittings are used aimed reduce its work as alternatives manufactured arresters avoid sanitary installations, while did not hav...

To investigate the dynamic compaction mechanism of loess-filled embankment, a computational model of unit volume compaction effort was proposed as compared with the compaction test. The energy level of dynamic compaction used in actual projects was also considered. The differences between the compaction test and the unit volume compaction effort in the actual projects were studied. And also, th...

Water-hammer is a transient condition which may occur in a network as a result of rapid or slow valve closures, pump failures, changes in turbine loading, etc. It creates high and low pressure waves which travel along the system and decay as a result of wall shear stress. Comparison o experimental and theoretical results revealed the failure of steady or quasi-steady models in correctly predict...

Pipe vibration induced by water hammer frequently emerges in conveyance system, especially the hydropower plant or pumped storage power station with long diversion pipelines. This turn affects hydraulic pulsation so that undesired fluid-structure interaction (FSI) arises. In this research, attention is given to a pipeline embedded concrete. A six-equation model was derived describe fluid-pipe-c...

Heterogeneous systems provide variety in order to address unforeseen problems in unknown environments. This paper describes a series of custom-built robotic devices that employ heterogeneity as a means of achieving greater capability. From novel, crawling limbed/tracked hybrid robots to water hammer assisted actuation to macro/micro marsupial robot teams, commonalities are investigated to move ...