Green tea was prepared by extracting 12.5 g of green tea leaves twice with 500 ml of boiling water, and the extracts were combined. This 1.25% green tea extract (1.25 g of tea leaves/100 ml of water) contained 4.69 mg of green tea extract solids per ml and was similar in composition to some green tea beverages consumed by humans. A 2.5% green tea extract (2.5 g of tea leaves/100 ml of water) wa...

in addition to its effect on reproductive organs, estrogen exhibits complex effects on brain structure, function and behavior. in this regard, the influence of gonadal hormones especially estrogens on nociception has recently been accepted. soybean is known as an important phytoestrogen containing plant that is used as an alternative for estrogen replacement therapy. in this study, the influenc...

objective(s) this study was aimed to assess the possible laxative and prokinetic effects of the boiled extract of rosa damascena. materials and methods rats in two groups (n= 7) of test and control were gavaged either with the extract or placebo, respectively. the number, weight and water percentage of feces were studied up to 24 hr. in order to assess the possible osmotic laxative effects of t...

Background: Long-term glucocorticoid therapy causes secondary osteoporosis leading to pathological fractures. Glucocorticoid action in bone is dependant upon the activity of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enzyme (11β-HSD1). Piper sarmentosum is a local herb that possesses the ability to inhibit 11-βHSD1 enzyme activity. We aimed to determine the effects of Piper sarmentosum wat...

Background: Turbidity removal using inorganic coagulants such as iron and aluminum salts in water treatment processes causes environmental and human health concern. Historically, the use of natural coagulant to purify turbid water has been practiced for a long time. Recent research indicates that Descurainia Sophia seed can be effectively used as a natural coagulant to remove water turbidity. ...

Sun protection creams were formulated with a commercial rosemary extract and with thermal waters from different springs in the Northwest Spain. A six month stability study was carried out and microbiological and chemical stability, as well as sensorial characteristics, were evaluated. In all creams, the mesophilic count always remained low (under 10 cfu/mL) and most of them showed greater antio...

Flavonoids are known to be effective scavengers of free radicals. In particular, proanthocyanidins are flavonoids that possess cardiovascular protection, antioxidative activities, and immunomodulatory activities. Here, we evaluated proanthocyanidin contents in the total polyphenolic compounds of pine needle extracts prepared by hot water, ethanol, hexane, hot water-hexane (HWH), and hot water-e...

The hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects of two dietary dosages (0.1% and 0.5%) of water and 80% ethanol extracts from hot-air dried Orostachys japonicus A. Berger were evaluated in the serum and organ tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The STZ-induced diabetic groups supplemented with the O. japonicus extracts showed significantly higher body weight compared to a diabetic contr...

Synergism between water, ethanol and ethyl acetate extract of Melissa officinalis and five commonly used antibiotics (streptomycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, amoxicillin, rifamycine) were investigated by disc diffusion method in relation to antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic resistant human-pathogenic bacteria. The total phenol content in the extracts were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau...

Black jujube was made by aging dried jujube and its physiochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were evaluated. The moisture and sugar contents were increased depending on the period of aging times and the pH was reduced thereby increasing acidity. The color of black jujube extract was changed from red to black resulting in decreases of Hunter ...