background: this study aimed to evaluated trends for iron and manganese concentrations in wells, reservoirs, and water distribution networks in qom city during the summer of 2012. methods: this was a cross-sectional study. the studied scopes consisted of groundwater (60 wells), reservoirs (10 tanks), and water distribution network (33 points). one sample was taken from each source monthly. stat...

The effective planning for the renewal of water distribution systems requires accurate quantification of the structural deterioration of water mains. Direct inspection of all water mains in a distribution system is almost always prohibitively expensive. Identifying water main breakage patterns over time is an effective and inexpensive alternative to gauge the structural deterioration of a water...

Since density is considered as one of the most important numerical indices to explain quantitative values of a plant community by affecting on many aspects and activity of ecosystem, on the other hand, awareness about plants distribution pattern in environment is an essential preparation for measurement and study of vegetative cover, therefore, in this research determination of density and dist...

As a research project supported jointly by the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) in Japan and the European Commission under its 7th Framework Program, the GreenICN Project has been in operation from 2013 to 2016. The GreenICN project focused on two typical application scenarios, one a disaster scenario and the other a video delivery scenario. The disaster sc...

A longstanding problem in the study of sediment transport in gravel-bed rivers is related to the physical mechanisms governing bed resistance and particle motion. To study this problem, we investigated the motion of coarse spherical glass beads entrained by a steady shallow turbulent water flow down a steep two-dimensional channel with a mobile bed. This experimental facility is the simplest re...

The role of the distribution of inland water bodies with respect to the transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and its dominant vector, Phlebotomous argentipes, has been studied at the regional scale in Bihar, eastern India. The Landsat TM sensor multispectral scanning radiometer, with a spatial resolution of 30 m in the visible, reflective-infrared and shortwave-infrared (SWIR) bands, was...

abstract background: the pressure of consumption spots in eater supply systems is one of the most important hydraulic parameters can be used in optimized management of water distribution networks. since the pressure has some different effects on various parameters of the network management including its hydraulic functions, reliability, stability and leakage, its control is of great importance ...

abstract in refrence to un appropriate time and place dispersal of precipitation in iran and having low efficiency in agriculture, water as the most limitative factor in agriculture is discussing. in this study, the existing pattern of mashhad-chenaran plain is considering and with gathering data related to 1388, with target of decrease in water consuming, optimum and nearly optimum cropping pa...

[1] A key component to understanding and predicting water fluxes and water quality in river basins is the spatial distribution of water-saturated areas. There is limited knowledge on spatial patterns of saturated areas, their relation to landscape characteristics and processes, and the ability of hydrological models to represent the observed spatial patterns, particularly at the large scales mo...