The residual distribution framework was developed as an alternative to the finite volume approach for approximating hyperbolic systems of conservation laws which would allow a natural representation of genuinely multidimensional flow features. The resulting algorithms are closely related to conforming finite elements, but their structure makes it far simpler to construct nonlinear approximation...

One of the key requirements for reliable operation of a water supply system is a thorough analysis and proper selection of the control valves and pumps. For valves, selection criteria includes capacity, pressure loss, controllability, torque, cavitation and transients. Pump selection requires matching the pump performance to varying system demands. Examples are given for single pump operation a...

Evaluating and enhancing resilience in water infrastructure is a crucial step towards more sustainable urban water management. As a prerequisite to enhancing resilience, a detailed understanding is required of the inherent resilience of the underlying system. Differing from traditional risk analysis, here we propose a global resilience analysis (GRA) approach that shifts the objective from anal...

Three different mathematical formulations for the scheduling of pumps to minimize energy consumption while still satisfying operational constraints are presented. Each formulation requires the solution of a highly nonlinear optimization problem that requires the iterative solution of an external numerical model for evaluating and satisfying the operational constraints. Two different algorithms ...

Due to its practical importance and inherent complexity, the optimization of distribution networks for supplying drinking water has been the subject of extensive study for the past 30 years. The optimization is governed by sizing the pipes in the water distribution network (WDN). The pipe diameters are to be selected from a list of available commercial diameters, making WDN optimization a pure ...

This paper formulates the security problem of sensor placement in water distribution networks for contaminant detection. An initial attempt to develop a problem formulation is presented, suitable for mathematical analysis and design. Multiple risk-related objectives are minimized in order to compute the Pareto front of a set of possible solutions; the considered objectives are the contamination...

Water losses associated with inefficiencies in the underground water distribution system are not only causing revenue losses for the local water boards but also significantly negatively affect a country’s national water reserves. Even though assisting in defining the problem and in devising remediation strategies for it, posterior analysis of the causes of such inefficiencies are far from being...