OBJECTIVE To investigate whether clinical criteria could differentiate between women with vulvovaginitis who were culture positive or negative for vaginal Candida species. METHODS Vulvovaginal specimens were obtained from 501 women with a vaginal discharge and/or pruritus. Clinical information and wet mount microscopy findings were obtained. All specimens were sent to a central laboratory for...

Bovine herpes viruses belong to the family Herpesviridae. Bovine herpes virus 1 (BHV-1) is of world wide distribution and causes a wide range of diseases in cattle namely respiratory disease, keratoconjunctivitis and reproductive diseases including infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) in cows, infectious pustular balonoposthitis (IPB) in bulls and abortions. DNA studies of BHV-1 have reveal...

BACKGROUND Clinicians and investigators often do not appreciate the importance of vaginal microbiocoenosis and vaginal cytology in the health of prepubertal and adolescent girls. DATA SOURCES Based on recent publications in human medicine and our own experience with vaginal cytology and microbiology in children and adolescent girls, we review the principles of vaginal microbiocoenosis and cyt...

Background: Vulvovaginitis is a common infection in prepubertal girls, which partly caused by bacterial infection. According to the literature, Haemophilus influenzae one of most causes vulvovaginitis children. However, few studies with large sample sizes have delved into this issue. Objectives: To determine prevalence girls and detect antimicrobial resistance H. strains isolated from vulval sp...