The hypothesis that Mediterranean top predator species, such as large pelagic fish, are potentially at risk due to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), is investigated. The potential estrogenic effects of PHAHs in three fish species of commercial interest, the top predators bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus thynnus), swordfish (Xiphias gladius), and Mediterranean spearfish (Tetrapturus belone), w...

This study aims to characterize the estrogen receptor (er) in sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus) and determine the temporal effects of 17α-ethinyl estradiol (EE2) on erα and vitellogenin (vtg) gene expression in males. Two partial cDNA sequences (erα and erβ1) are presented showing conserved structural features with ers of other species. Transcript levels for both ers were low in control fish b...

Exposure to oestrogenic chemicals (xeno-oestrogens) may have severe effects on embryonic development. The present study investigates whether the oestrogenic endocrine disruptor 4-tert-octylphenol (4-tOP) or 17beta-oestradiol (E(2)) is accumulated in the viviparous fish the eelpout (Zoarces viviparus) and transferred to the embryos in ovario and subsequently affects embryonic development, includ...

Modeling and analysis of information system vulnerabilities helps us to predict possible attacks to networks using the network configuration and vulnerabilities information. As a fact, exploiting most of vulnerabilities result in access rights alteration. In this paper, we propose a new vulnerability analysis method based on the Take-Grant protection model. We extend the initial TakeGrant model...

Aquatic environments are especially susceptible to anthropogenic chemical pollution. Yet although knowledge on the biological effects of pollutants on aquatic organisms is increasing, far less is known about how ecologically-important interspecific interactions are affected by chemicals. In particular, the consequences of anthropogenic pollution for the interaction of hosts and parasites are po...

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the central ability and root canal transportation of two types rotary files in curved molar canals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) mesiodistal (MD) buccolingual (BL) directions.Method Material: A total 40 mesiobuccal mandibular first molars with an angle 25-35 degrees radius curvature 5 millimeters were randomly divided into groups 20 each. ...

Estrogenic potencies of four herbicides (triclopyr, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), diquat dibromide, glyphosate), two alkylphenol ethoxylate-containing surfactants (R-11 and Target Prospreader Activator (TPA)), and the binary mixture of surfactants with the herbicides were evaluated using an in vivo rainbow trout vitellogenin assay. Juvenile rainbow trout exposed to 2,4-D (1.64 mg/l) f...

Previous studies exposing fish to xenoestrogens have demonstrated vitellogenin (VTG) induction, delayed gametogenesis, altered sex ratio, and decreased reproductive performance, with a majority of those studies focusing on exposure to single chemicals. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of binary mixtures of a weak estrogen receptor agonist, nonylphenol (NP) and a potent e...

In this study, the effects of two environmental endocrine disruptors, the synthetic pharmaceutical estrogen (ethynylestradiol, EE2) and antifoulant (tributyltin, TBT) representing two different modes of action on the endocrine system, were studied on brain steroidogenic pathway of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Neurosteroidogenesis was studied using brain aromatase gene isoforms and en...