NOTICE The issuance of this Report does not constitute an endorsement of any proposed amendment and in no way implies Listing, Classification, or other recognition by UL and does not authorize the use of UL Listing or Classification Marks or any other reference to Underwriters Laboratories Inc. on, or in connection with, the product. Underwriters Laboratories Inc., its employees, and its agents...

High voltage circuit breaker is one of the most important switch apparatus in electrical power system. It play a role in the switch control, which can be used to switch the operating mode during normal operation (the equipment run or quit). In order to ensure the normal operation of the grid, it can be removed quickly when a malfunction on the device or circuit. Real-time online monitoring of h...

Since the May 6, 2010 flash crash in the U.S., appropriate measures ensuring safe, fair and reliable markets become more relevant from the perspective of investors and regulators. Circuit breakers in various forms are already implemented for individual markets to ensure price continuity and prevent potential market failure and crash scenarios. However, coordinated inter-market safeguards have h...

There is evidence to support the claim that speedbreakers can cause accidents and injury. When a vehicle approaches a speed-breaker at a speed greater than some threshold velocity, the risk of accident or injury is substantial. Speed-breakers are inconspicuous in low visibility conditions, like at night, or when there is fog, rain or snow. This problem is particularly acute in developing countr...

In this paper the effects of rigid triangular passive vortex generators on a  hydrofoil were investigated numerically.  In the first step using the Finite Volume Method the bare hydrofoil  were modeled and the results of lift and drag coefficients were validated using experimental data. In the next step the hydrofoil armed with vortex generators was modeled and its effect on the hydrofoil perfo...

The electrical substation components are often subject to degradation due to over-voltage or over-current, caused by a short circuit or a lightning. A particular interest is given to the circuit breaker, regarding the importance of its function and its dangerous failure. This component degrades gradually due to the use, and it is also subject to the shock process resulted from the stress of iso...

We look at the unbiased Maker-Breaker Hamiltonicity game played on the edge set of a complete graph Kn, where Maker’s goal is to claim a Hamiltonian cycle. First, we prove that, independent of who starts, Maker can win the game for n = 8 and n = 9. Then we use an inductive argument to show that, independent of who starts, Maker can win the game if and only if n ≥ 8. This, in particular, resolve...

The haemodynamic effects, in terms of grip force and hand-transmitted accelerations, produced on the fingers of 10 healthy subjects by operation of a hydraulic breaker held with a low or a high grip were investigated with a new experimental set-up. A novel apparatus consisting of a capacitive sensor matrix and a laser Doppler vibrometer was used to measure the two parameters during breaker oper...