The demand in modern multimedia data transmission is continually increasing. New compression standard, such as the recent H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video coding standard, drastically improves the compression ratio. This higher compression ratio is required because the amount of multimedia data to transmit increases and that the perceived quality expected by the end user is not lessened. A complementary ...

Recently, many computational saliency models have been introduced 5, 7, 13, 23 to transform a given image into a scalar-valued map that represents visual saliency of the input image. These approaches, however, generally assume the given image is clean. Fortunately, most methods implicitly suppress the noise before calculating the saliency by blurring and downsampling the input image, and theref...

A unique vertical bar among horizontal bars is salient and pops out perceptually. Physiological data have suggested that mechanisms in the primary visual cortex (V1) contribute to the high saliency of such a unique basic feature, but indicated little regarding whether V1 plays an essential or peripheral role in input-driven or bottom-up saliency. Meanwhile, a biologically based V1 model has sug...

This paper formulates bottom-up visual saliency as center surround conditional entropy and presents a fast and efficient technique for the computation of such a saliency map. It is shown that the new saliency formulation is consistent with self-information based saliency, decision-theoretic saliency and Bayesian definition of surprises but also faces the same significant computational challenge...

A novel saliency model is proposed in this paper to automatically process images in the similar way as the human visual system which focuses on conspicuous regions that catch human beings’ attention. The model combines a hypergraph representation and a partitioning process with potential region-of-interest (p-ROI) approximation and validation. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ...

The frontal eye field (FEF) plays a central role in saccade selection and execution. Using artificial stimuli, many studies have shown that the activity of neurons in the FEF is affected by both visually salient stimuli in a neuron's receptive field and upcoming saccades in a certain direction. However, the extent to which visual and motor information is represented in the FEF in the context of...

Visual attention is a mechanism which filters out redundant visual information and focus on the most relevant parts when observing an image, many bottom-up computational models of visual attention have been devised to get the saliency map for an image. In this paper, a new visual attention model is proposed. Based on the experimental results obtained in this study, as compared with existing bot...

Attention influences the processing of visual information even in the earliest areas of primate visual cortex. There is converging evidence that the interaction of bottom-up sensory information and top-down attentional influences creates an integrated saliency map, that is, a topographic representation of relative stimulus strength and behavioral relevance across visual space. This map appears ...

This study presents a visual attention model for determining image areas to receive different extents of video compression in order to minimize perceived program artefacts whilst maximizing the compression possible. The model integrates features related to motion with existing video image compression algorithms. The proposed visual attention model extracts the color, intensity, textural, and mo...

Detection of moving foreground in video is very important for many applications, such as visual surveillance, objectbased video coding, etc. When objects move with different speeds and under illumination changes, the robustness of moving object detection methods proposed so far is still not satisfactory. In this paper, we use the semantic information to adjust the pixel-wise learning rate adapt...