Eye movements were recorded in the pigmented rat during vestibular, optokinetic and combined visual-vestibular stimulation. The dominant time constant in pigmented rats, tested during angular vestibular stimulation in darkness, is about two times longer than the cupular time constant. The gain and the duration of nystagmus, achieved by angular vestibular stimulation, can be enhanced by visual i...

Nasal vestibular stenosis is not only an esthetic, but also a functional problem for the patient. It is caused by disruption of the nasal vestibular lining with secondary proliferation of granulation and fibrous tissue. Various causes account for the development of nasal vestibular stenosis, including trauma, infection, and iatrogenic injury to the vestibular skin. Although a number of techniqu...

BACKGROUND Balance dysfunction can be debilitating and can lead to catastrophic outcomes such as falls. The inner ear vestibular system is an important contributor to balance control. However, to our knowledge, the prevalence of vestibular dysfunction in the United States and the magnitude of the increased risk of falling associated with vestibular dysfunction have never been estimated. The obj...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To establish the prevalence of abnormal vestibular test findings in children with enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) and determine if these findings correlate with clinical symptoms, radiographic findings (EVA size and laterality), audiometric findings, and genetic testing in these patients. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort. METHODS Patients 3 to 12 years of age with he...

This review describes the effect of unilateral peripheral vestibular deficit (UPVD) on balance control for stance and gait tests. Because a UPVD is normally defined based on vestibular ocular reflex (VOR) tests, we compared recovery observed in balance control with patterns of recovery in VOR function. Two general types of UPVD are considered; acute vestibular neuritis (AVN) and vestibular neur...

BACKGROUND Evidence of serotonergic involvement in vestibular pathway contributions to migraine and balance disorders is compelling. Serotonergic 5-HT1B and 5-HT1D receptors are expressed extensively in inner ear ganglia of monkeys and rats. The serotonergic 5-HT1F receptor is also a target of triptans. This study describes its distribution in vestibular and trigeminal ganglia of monkeys. MET...

The vestibular system plays a crucial role in the multisensory control of balance. When vestibular function is lost, essential tasks such as postural control, gaze stabilization, and spatial orientation are limited and the quality of life of patients is significantly impaired. Currently, there is no effective treatment for bilateral vestibular deficits. Research efforts both in animals and huma...

The vestibular system encodes rotations and translations of the head in space. While much is known about cortical processing of the classical Aristotelian sensory modalities, such as vision and touch, knowledge of how vestibular stimulation is encoded in the human brain is lacking, probably due to the inherent technical difficulties of recording human brain function while providing natural vest...

both the peripheral vestibular system, that is, the labyrinth, and the central vestibular system, is known to influence autonomic function in several ways that have clinical implications. This paper discusses evidence for vestibular influences on autonomic control from normal human subjects, evidence for vestibular influences on autonomic control from patients, clinical implications of vestibul...