An inverse annual variation is observed between surface pressure on the highest mountain, which has an elevation of approximately 4000 m, and in the lowlands of Taiwan (a subtropical island in east Asia). This inverse annual variation in surface pressure of high and low elevation in low latitudes reflects, essentially, a vertical phase reversal of the tropical circulation, which is illustrated ...

Desktops are the most prevalent environment for productive use of computers. However, there is still a gap between physical and virtual desktops. Previous approaches merged both worlds into one interactive horizontal surface. We argue that horizontal and vertical surfaces serve different purposes and offer different advantages. Therefore, we propose the combination of both surfaces by a soft cu...

Coccolithophores are a critical component of global biogeochemistry, export fluxes, and seawater optical properties. We derive globally significant relationships to estimate integrated coccolithophore and coccolith concentrations as well as integrated concentrations of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) from their respective surface concentration. We also examine surface versus integral relatio...

PURPOSE To assess the shrinkage of Free Gingival Graft (FGG) in horizontal and vertical dimensions and calculate the changes in the surface area of the transplanted tissue in a 3 months period. MATERIALS AND METHODS total of 30 FGG were placed aiming to increase attached gingiva around recession sites. Vertical recessions, horizontal recessions, surface area, plaque index, gingival index, per...

The Air-Sea Interactions Regional Initiative (ASIRI) aims to understand vertical fluxes of momentum and heat across the surface layer in the Bay of Bengal. As the mesoscale and submesoscale eddies redistribute freshwater input over saline water of the bay, they influence the vertical distribution of salinity and thus impact air-sea fluxes. This study reports on numerical simulations performed t...

By convention, the ocean’s large-scale circulation is assumed to be a thermohaline overturning driven by the addition and extraction of buoyancy at the surface and vertical mixing in the interior. Previous work suggests that the overturning should die out as vertical mixing rates are reduced to zero. In this paper, a formal energy analysis is applied to a series of ocean general circulation mod...