Cervical vertebrae may exhibit the anomalous presence of a double transverse foramen (DTF) that impact anatomy related structures traverse cervical region, such as vertebral artery (VA). This retrospective anatomical study utilized CT angiography scans to examine prevalence DTF, VA, and TF areas. The subjects were separated into two groups: normal (NTF group; 26 males 21 females) (DTF 24 female...

OBJECTIVE Hemifacial spasm (HFS) caused by vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia (VBD) is very rare, and in theses cases, it is difficult to decompress the nerve from its vascular compression. The objective of this study was to investigate the outcome of microvascular decompression (MVD) for HFS caused by VBD. METHODS There were 10 patients of HFS caused by VBD at our hospital between September 1978...

Rotational movements in the territory of vertebrobasilar artery of the head and neck can induce vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI) or infarction. The term "bow hunter's stroke" or "rotational VBI" has been used to describe this clinical syndrome. In most cases, symptoms were provoked because of involvement of a dominant vertebral artery (VA) with hypoplasia or occlusion of the contralateral VA...

Many studies have found that drug abusers have nutritional deficits, including weight deficits. The most plausible explanation for these deficits is dietary insufficiency. However, studies using objective measures of the dietary intake of drug abusers have failed to provide evidence of dietary insufficiency. Other mechanisms have rarely been examined. This article reviews the published literatu...

BACKGROUND Subclavian Steal Syndrome (SSS) is a fascinating vascular phenomenon in which a steno-occlusive lesion of the proximal subclavian artery causes retrograde flow in the vertebral artery away from the brain stem subsequently causing vertebrobasilar insufficiency. SSS can present with a myriad of neurological and vascular signs and symptoms, but most commonly this phenomenon presents as ...

Introduction : Cervical discogenic pain, which is characterized by a stiffness or pain in neck movement, generally occurs as result of disc degeneration. On the other hand; vascular pathologies cervical region, especially vertebrobasilar insufficiency, may give rise to similar findings patients; it can also be detected simultaneously with pathologies. . In this study, was aimed investigate whet...

Background: Determination of seizure threshold can help guide selection of stimulus dosage in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT); however, this threshold is subject to a variety of influences. Objective: To compare the effect of two stimulus-titration schedules on initial seizure threshold, in 88 patients. Method: One strategy was to use the factory-set stimulus characteristics on the Thymatron DG...

Placentitis is estimated to affect 3 to 5% of pregnancies in Thoroughbred mares Late-term pregnancy wastage generates several million dollars of losses to the lost expense of producing a pregnancy (e.g. stud fees, semen transport, feed, vaccinations, veterinary services, etc.) Late term pregnancy loss may cause emotional stress to the owner with high expectations for the foal from a particular ...