نتایج جستجو برای: vascular tone

تعداد نتایج: 244160  

2011
Nele Maenhaut Johan Van de Voorde

Recent studies have shown that adipose tissue is an active endocrine and paracrine organ secreting several mediators called adipokines. Adipokines include hormones, inflammatory cytokines and other proteins. In obesity, adipose tissue becomes dysfunctional, resulting in an overproduction of proinflammatory adipokines and a lower production of anti-inflammatory adipokines. The pathological accum...

Journal: :Hypertension 2004
Maria S Fernández-Alfonso

The study of vascular tone regulation has been based traditionally on layer-specific mechanisms. Three different layers form the blood vessel wall: intima, media, and adventitia. The intima is a monolayer of endothelial cells, which separates circulating blood from the medial layer underneath. The media consists of concentric layers of smooth muscle cells and elastic lamella, varying in number ...

2007
Benjamin D. Levine

Age is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. For example, a 30-year-old male smoker with untreated hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and a strong family history of premature coronary heart disease (CHD) would have a 10-year coronary heart disease event rate of only 16% (“intermediate risk”) by Framingham criteria; however, given exactly the same risk profile for...

Journal: :Hypertension 1984
D W Johns C R Ayers S C Williams

In eight hypertensive patients, forearm vascular tone was assessed by water plethysmography following inhibition of angiotensin II-converting-enzyme (ACE) activity with captopril. Acute captopril administration increased venous distensibility (VV30) and decreased forearm vascular resistance (FVR), while it lowered systemic blood pressure (BP). Alpha-one adrenergic receptor blockade by prazosin ...

2013
GIANMARIO SAMBUCETI Gianmario Sambuceti Selene Capitanio Cecilia Marini

Myocardial signals modulate vasomotor tone of most distal segments of the coronary microcirculation to fit oxygen availability to the largely variable oxygen demand. This flexibility implies an adaptation of coronary resistance in vascular segments upstream from the action of metabolic signals to maintain a stable capillary pressure despite the variable flow rate. This task is accomplished by d...

Journal: :The Journal of clinical investigation 2005
Gregg L Semenza

An important physiological response to changes in local or systemic oxygenation is the modulation of vascular tone, which is mediated in part by changes in the activities of the 3 NO synthase (NOS) isoforms. In arterial smooth muscle cells, acute hypoxia induces increased vascular tone, which is attenuated if hypoxia persists. In this issue of the JCI, Ward et al. demonstrate that changes in O2...

Journal: :Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology 2016
Ethan P Marin Levente Jozsef Annarita Di Lorenzo Kara F Held Amelia K Luciano Jonathan Melendez Leonard M Milstone Heino Velazquez William C Sessa

OBJECTIVE Palmitoylation, the reversible addition of the lipid palmitate to a cysteine, can alter protein localization, stability, and function. The ZDHHC family of protein acyl transferases catalyzes palmitoylation of numerous proteins. The role of ZDHHC enzymes in intact tissue and in vivo is largely unknown. Herein, we characterize vascular functions in a mouse that expresses a nonfunctional...

Journal: :Hypertension 1999
H Hatakeyama S Inaba I Miyamori

11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11beta-HSD) interconvert cortisol, the physiological glucocorticoid, and its inactive metabolite cortisone in humans. The diminished dehydrogenase activity (cortisol to cortisone) has been demonstrated in patients with essential hypertension and in resistance vessels of genetically hypertensive rats. 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11beta-HSD2) ...

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