Freeze-drying is a low-pressure, low-temperature condensation pumping process widely used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals for removal of solvents by sublimation. Key performance characteristics of a freezedryer condenser are largely dependent on the vapor and ice dynamics in the low-pressure environment. The main objective of this work is to develop a modeling and computational framework ...

A new element- and chemical bond-dependent GE-EoS model(SRK-UNICAC) is proposed to consider the deviation of vapor liquid phases from ideal state. The SRK-UNICAC model combines UNICAC SRK cubic equation It uses original interaction parameters this calculate GE. predicted vapor-liquid equilibria for 87 binary systems under low- medium-pressure conditions, 12 high-pressure 14 ternary systems; a c...