Vanadium, V, is a redox-sensitive metal that in solution, under aerobic conditions, prevails as the oxyanion vanadate(V). There is little known regarding vanadium toxicity to soil biota, and the present study was set up to determine the toxicity of added vanadate to soil organisms and to investigate the relationship between toxicity and vanadium sorption in soils. Five soils with contrasting pr...

The fractal dimension, Df, of aggregates in a dilute BSA system with added salt was evaluated by static light scattering (SLS). A fractal structure was observed for the system with NaCl addition. The values of Df increased with increasing heating time and ionic strength. The values of Df were larger than those (Df = 1.8 or 2.1) predicted by the conventional cluster-cluster aggregation model, pr...

Abstract Background In 2013 American College of Cardiology and the Heart Association released a guideline on management atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) including composite death from CVD, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or stroke (hard CVD). This recommended risk score that was calculated using pooled cohort equations (ASCVD-PCE). The updated in 2018/2019 further discussion sugg...

Sometimes, the efficiency of a class is assessed by assessing the amount of knowledge that the students have after taking this class. However, this amount depends not only on the quality of the class, but also on how prepared were the students when they started taking this class. A more adequate assessment should therefore be value-added, estimating the added value that the class brought to the...

Do extreme values of daily-life gait characteristics provide more information about fall risk than median values? Abstract Background. Gait characteristics estimated from daily-life trunk accelerations reflect gait quality and are associated with fall incidence in older adults. While associations are based on median values of these gait characteristics, their extreme values may reflect either h...

I have a family history of diabetes, so I try and control my sugar intake. I am having a lot of trouble figuring out how much sugar is the maximum amount of sugar to allow in my diet. I have read that "added sugar" intake should be limited to no more than ten percent of your daily calories, but I have no idea how to determine what amount of sugar in food is natural versus added. I assume that a...

I have a family history of diabetes, so I try and control my sugar intake. I am having a lot of trouble figuring out how much sugar is the maximum amount of sugar to allow in my diet. I have read that "added sugar" intake should be limited to no more than ten percent of your daily calories, but I have no idea how to determine what amount of sugar in food is natural versus added. I assume that a...

OVERVIEW In a market setting, a business undertakes many operations to provide product (good or service) to its customers. Each of these operations receives an input (raw material, labour, throughput) and transforms it into an output. An operation is effective if it creates an output having more value than its input. The value added by each operation justifies its raison être in the business. T...