This paper argues that doctors ought to make all things considered value judgments about what is best for their patients. It illustrates some of the shortcomings of the model of doctor as 'fact-provider'. The 'fact-provider' model fails to take account of the fact that practising medicine necessarily involves making value judgments; that medical practice is a moral practice and requires that do...

OBJECTIVES We explore how broader aspects of a treatment's value and the impact of the condition on patients not captured by routine health technology assessment (HTA) methods using clinical and economic evidence, defined as "other considerations," may influence HTA processes in different settings. METHODS Countries included were England, Scotland, Sweden, and France. Data sources were the pu...

Abstract The argument from inductive risk, as developed by Rudner and others, famously concludes that the scientist qua makes value judgments. paper aims to show trust in soundness of is overrated – philosophers who endorse its conclusion (especially Douglas Wilholt) fail refute two most important objections have been raised soundness: Jeffrey’s objection genuine task assign probabilities (and ...

Moral judgment often requires making difficult tradeoffs (e.g., is it appropriate to torture to save the lives of innocents at risk?). Previous research suggests that both emotional appraisals and more deliberative utilitarian appraisals influence such judgments and that these appraisals often conflict. However, it is unclear how these different types of appraisals are represented in the brain,...

Purpose – The rapid intensification of the internet and electronic commerce diffusion has given rise to electronic business process management (e-BPM) which enhances the overall connectivity of the business processes. However, when confronted by the range of e-BPM best practices (e-BPMs), organizations struggle to identify the one most appropriate to their needs. The paper aims to address these...

Purpose – The rapid intensification of the internet and electronic commerce diffusion has given rise to electronic business process management (e-BPM) which enhances the overall connectivity of the business processes. However, when confronted by the range of e-BPM best practices (e-BPMs), organizations struggle to identify the one most appropriate to their needs. The paper aims to address these...

Abstract: This study examined correlations between moral value judgments on a 17item Moral Intuition Survey (MIS), and participant scores on the Short-D3 “Dark Triad” Personality Inventory – a measure of three related “dark and socially destructive” personality traits: Machiavellianism, Narcissism, and Psychopathy. 567 participants (302 male, 257 female, 2 transgendered; median age 28) were rec...

The ventromedial frontal lobe (VMF) plays a role in decision making, but its precise function remains unclear. Several lines of evidence suggest that VMF is involved in representing the economic value of options. A prior study from our lab has shown that patients with lesions to the VMF are less consistent than controls in making simple preference judgments between stimuli presented in pairs. H...

It is well established that consumers infer value from scarcity, which Cialdini (1984) called the scarcity principle. We demonstrate the reverse of this effect of scarcity on perceived value – consumers infer scarcity of product supply from product attractiveness. We show that this effect arises from the operation of what we call “the value heuristic”. In addition, we show that the value heuris...