This paper presents mOdCL, a Maude based evaluator of OCL expressions and validator of OCL constraints. Given its OCL expression evaluator, the use of execution strategies allows mOdCL, not only validating invariant constraints on concrete system states, but also dynamically validating invariants and preand post-conditions on the successive states obtained during system execution.

introduction: measuring tools in each study must be evaluated themselves. the goal of present study was designing, validating, and determining the reliability of some scales, which are used for measuring concepts of behavior change theory/models. materials & methods: this study was a descriptive one in which, at first literature review and need assessment were done. then designed tools were val...

Although CGE models have received heavy usage, they are often criticized as being insufficiently validated. Key parameters are often not econometrically estimated, and the performance of the model as a whole is rarely checked against historical outcomes. As a consequence, questions frequently arise as to how much faith one can put in CGE results. In this paper, we employ a novel approach to the...

Many networks grow by adding successive cohorts – layers of nodes. Often, the nodes in each layer are selected independently of each other, but from a distribution that can depend on which nodes were selected for previous cohorts. For example, successive waves of friends invite their friends to join social networks. We present error bounds for collective classification over these networks.

Familiarity is a pervasive memory phenomenon that occurs in its most basic form when someone recognizes a repeated stimulus without recollecting other aspects of the requisite prior learning episode. Theoretical controversy currently abounds with respect to both the cognitive and neural characteristics of familiarity. Here, we show that the extant data, particularly brain-potential data, are in...

Making Domain-Specific Modeling Languages a part of a tool chain, a part of a proven development process, or the subject of verification cannot be achieved without the precise specification of the language and the models expressed in it. Defining formal semantics for modeling languages is a widely accepted solution to this problem. We have developed methods, techniques and processes to provide ...

E ffective software can mean software that is low cost, reliable, rapidly developed, safe, or has some other relevant attribute. To determine whether a particular technique is effective, we need a way to measure it. Merely saying that a technique is effective conveys no real information. Instead, we need measurements applied to each software attribute so we can say one technique is more or less...

In Bayesian statistical inference and computationally intensive frequentist inference, one is interested in obtaining samples from a high dimensional, and possibly multi-modal target density. The challenge is to obtain samples from this target without any knowledge of the normalizing constant. Several approaches to this problem rely on Monte Carlo methods. One of the simplest such methods is th...

Any scientific publication aims to advance the field of knowledge that it deals with, and therefore the editorial staff will always be seeking the most revolutionary papers among all of those received. On the other hand, the reviewers' task is usually a much more conservative one, as reviewers are responsible for verifying the realism of the methods proposed and the veracity of the claimed resu...