نتایج جستجو برای: vaginal ring

تعداد نتایج: 152008  

Journal: :Human reproduction 2005
R Massai L Mäkäräinen A Kuukankorpi C Klipping I Duijkers T Dieben

BACKGROUND Hormonal contraceptives have been associated with various effects on the bone mineral density (BMD) of pre-menopausal women. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a vaginal contraceptive ring on BMD in pre-menopausal women and compare them with those of non-hormonal contraceptive use. METHODS This open-label, multicentre study used dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry to m...

Journal: :Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2013
James M Smith Rachna Rastogi Ryan S Teller Priya Srinivasan Pedro M M Mesquita Umadevi Nagaraja Janet M McNicholl R Michael Hendry Chuong T Dinh Amy Martin Betsy C Herold Patrick F Kiser

Topical preexposure prophylaxis interrupts HIV transmission at the site of mucosal exposure. Intermittently dosed vaginal gels containing the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir protected pigtailed macaques depending on the timing of viral challenge relative to gel application. However, modest or no protection was observed in clinical trials. Intravaginal rings (IVRs) may improve ef...

2017
Fernando Notario-Pérez Roberto Ruiz-Caro María-Dolores Veiga-Ochoa

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a global public health concern and is particularly serious in low- and middle-income countries. Widespread sexual violence and poverty, among other factors, increase the risk of infection in women, while currently available prevention methods are outside the control of most. This has driven the study of vaginal microbicides to prevent se...

Journal: :journal of algebra and related topics 2016
s. halicioglu m. b. calci a. harmanci

in this paper, we introduce a class of $j$-quasipolar rings. let $r$ be a ring with identity. an element $a$ of a ring $r$ is called {it weakly $j$-quasipolar} if there exists $p^2 = pin comm^2(a)$ such that $a + p$ or $a-p$ are contained in $j(r)$ and the ring $r$ is called {it weakly $j$-quasipolar} if every element of $r$ is weakly $j$-quasipolar. we give many characterizations and investiga...

Journal: :South African Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2015

Journal: :Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2012
R Karl Malcolm Ronald S Veazey Leslie Geer Deborah Lowry Susan M Fetherston Diarmaid J Murphy Peter Boyd Ian Major Robin J Shattock Per Johan Klasse Lara A Doyle Kelsi K Rasmussen Laurie Goldman Thomas J Ketas John P Moore

Antiretroviral entry inhibitors are now being considered as vaginally administered microbicide candidates for the prevention of the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Previous studies testing the entry inhibitors maraviroc and CMPD167 in aqueous gel formulations showed efficacy in the macaque challenge model, although protection was highly dependent on the time period between ...

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