BACKGROUND It can be assumed that stones in the urinary tract continuously increase in size by incorporating material from urine. Consequently, urine will exhibit depleted concentrations of lithogenic constituents when urinary stones are present in the patient's urinary tract. METHODS To calculate the influence of the depletion effect, we considered two different models of stone growth. In th...

CASE REPORT A 50-year-old man presented with dysuria. Physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory tests were within normal limits, except presence of microscopic hematuria. He had no flank pain, urinary tract infection, or history of urinary stones. On the kidney, ureter, bladder x-ray, there were two opacities in the pelvic region (Figure 1). Intravenous pyelography revealed two heads of...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic disorders associated with nephrolithiasis in a female population. METHODS A retrospective study on 1,737 patients with evidence of recent formation of renal stones, being 54% females. The laboratory investigation consisted of at least two samples of blood and 24-hour urine to assess calcium, uric acid, citrate and creatinine levels, qualitativ...

BACKGROUND Although some trials assessed the efficacy and safety of the α-blocker in facilitating renal and ureteral stones expulsion after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), the role of the α-blocker in facilitating upper urinary calculi expulsion after ESWL remain controversial. AIMS To determine the efficacy and safety of the α-blocker in facilitating renal and ureteral stones e...

Kidney stone formation is one of the most painful and widespread urological disorders. In this study, the prevalence of renal calculi in relation to urinary tract infections was investigated in 125 patients from Southern India. The chemical composition and bacteriological study of pre, post operative urine samples and stones was performed to clarify the relationship between urinary tract infect...

Endoscopic lithotripsy for upper urinary tract stones is the cornerstone of treatment and a routine procedure for practicing urologists. Although highly effective in reducing or eliminating stone burden, ureteroscopy is associated with a significant risk of infectious complications, namely, fever, pyelonephritis, and rarely sepsis [1]. Although prophylactic administration of antibiotics is reco...