Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the bladder is a rare and devastating malignancy, usually associated with Schistosoma haematobium, particularly in bilharzia-endemic regions sub-Saharan Africa. Little written about condition pregnancy.
 A 21-year-old Gravida 2 Para 1 at 28 weeks gestation presented worsening symptoms dysuria, increased frequency micturition, backache, painful suprapubic ma...

Bladder cancer continues to be one of the most common malignancies. Those who have been already diagnosed are at high risk for recurrence, especially if the pathology demonstrates high-grade disease. Diagnosis and surveillance is reliant on invasive evaluation with cystoscopy. Urinary cytology has been used to aid in diagnosis, but its use is limited. Other assays have been developed that may a...

OBJECTIVE To summarize and evaluate various urinary markers for early detection, diagnosis and follow-up of human bladder cancer. METHODS A MEDLINE and PUBMED search of the latest literature on urinary markers for bladder cancer was performed. We reviewed these published reports and made a critical analysis. RESULTS Most urinary markers tend to be less specific than cytology, yielding more ...

OBJECTIVE To present the protocol and the early results of a urothelial carcinoma (UC) screening analysis performed in a risk population of coke workers. METHODS Between June 2006 and October 2008, 171 male workers (mean age 43 years), employed in a Ligurian coke plant (Italiana Coke S.r.l) and exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for a median period of 16 years, underwent scree...

This narrative review aims to describe established and emerging urinary biomarkers in the diagnosis surveillance of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. It provides a comprehensive account classical, FDA-approved protein discusses their limitations. Further, we discuss role that epigenetic, genetic, exosomal markers can play enhance sensitivity specificity available tests. The initial cancer inv...

Introduction. Nowadays, flexible ureteroscopy has become a routine procedure in many centers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the indications and limits of diagnostic retrograde flexible ureteroscopy. Material and methods. Between October 2002 and January 2007, diagnostic retrograde flexible ureteroscopy was performed in our department in 40 cases. It was aimed to evaluate a filling defec...

Accurate and sensitive detection of bladder cancer is critical to diagnose this deadly disease at an early stage, estimate prognosis, predict response to treatment, and monitor recurrence. In past years, laboratory diagnosis and surveillance of urinary bladder cancer have improved significantly. Although urine cytology remains the gold standard test, many new urinary biomarkers have been identi...