* Copies of these and other Urban Center publications are available on the web site, www.brookings.edu/urban, or by calling the Urban Center at (202) 797-6139. Foundation for their support of our work on metropolitan trends. The Center's Metropolitan Initiative aims to better understand the mix of market, demographic and policy trends that contribute to the growth and development patterns we se...

As cited in the constitution of the Islamic republic of Iran, it's one of the responsibilities of the government to provide appropriate housing for the people of Iran. The main aim of current study was to assess satisfaction rate of a Mehr housing residents in Fars province, southwest of Iran. Randomly selected heads of 100 households residents of Abadeh Mehr housing for at least 1 year were as...

The transfer of council estates into housing association (HA) ownership has transformed the structure of social housing provision across Britain; in half of English local authorities council housing is a thing of the past. From 1997, stock transfer extended beyond rural shire districts, with urban estates accounting for the majority of properties being handed to new social landlords. This study...

China is experiencing an urban revolution, powered in part by hundreds of millions of migrant workers. Faced with institutionalised discrimination in the housing system and the lack of housing affordability, migrants have turned to virtually uninhabitable spaces such as basements and civil air defence shelters for housing. With hundreds of thousands of people living in crowded and dark basement...

Housing typologies in China have changed dramatically over the past hundred years. Economic liberalization is accelerating these changes, shifting the understanding of housing in ways that cannot be explained through Western housing theory. Most of China is moving towards housing in “sealed residential quarters” (gated communities), yet these communities have a role and significance very differ...

Planning and Design in Urban Development, consuming large Resources entailing many variables giving numerous solutions with large variations in resource-efficiency indicators, is a problem-solving process (Mitchell WJ. Computer-aided architectural design. New York: Petrocelli/Charter; 1977) involving search through numerous potential solutions to select a particular solution that meets a specif...

Housing has been the basic need of mankind providing not only shelter but also private and dynamic setting for much social activities and interactions. The problem of housing has become an everyday discussion in all quarters of the public and private sectors of the African countries. It has became glaringly clear that most of the urban population lives in dehumanizing housing environment while ...

The large variation in the share of land for open space across U.S. urban areas raises some interesting questions: a) what determines the amount of open space in an urban area? b) How does open space affect community characteristics such as housing prices and local property tax rates? and c) are existing amounts of open space across U.S. urban areas socially optimal? In this paper, we conduct t...

extended abstract 1. introduction after industrial revolution, complex economic and technical developments led to wide changes in the size of cities, the proportion of the population in urban areas, and the growth rate of urbanization (johnson, 1998). more than half of the world population currently lives in urban areas and the uncontrolled expansion of cities is becoming a global concern. it i...

This paper concerns the ontology and epistemology of comparative research, which are the foundations of a research strategy. It builds upon a Realist ontology (Bhaskar, 1975, 1979; Sayer, 1984,1985, 2000; Lawson, 1997, 1999) of necessary and contingent relations forming causal mechanisms, in order to extend existing frameworks for explaining difference and change in housing networks. Housing ne...