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Nonmetropolitan America contains almost 25 percent of the nation's population and 33 percent of its labor force. Rural residents are more likely to experience subemployment or poverty than their urban counterparts', and nonmetropolitan areas have lower wage rates and family income than urban areas. During the 1970s, rural areas benefited from a shift of manufacturing jobs from the metropolitan ...

The automatic extraction of traffic data from digital images is a challenging task and implies an extensive pre-processing of this data. An important information which simplifies the further extraction of traffic objects is the recognition of active traffic regions. A possible approach is masking of streets using platform attitude and position together with a digital street map (i). But often s...

The use of 3D city models has been introduced into a variety of fields from urban planning to disaster management. These models are no longer regarded as ‘simple’ visual representations of the real world; they act as an information space and as semantic models for urban environments as they represent much more than the visual appearance of the real world. For users of these ‘rich’ models the Le...