It has long been assumed that Rayleigh lidar can be used to measure atmospheric temperature profiles up to about 90 or 100 km and that above this region the technique becomes invalid due to changes in atmospheric composition which affect basic assumptions on which Rayleigh lidar is based. Modern powerful Rayleigh lidars are able to measure backscatter from well above 100 km requiring a closer e...

This article is based on data gathered with three facilities: the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope (HST), the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes at Las Campanas Observatory (LCO), and the 2.15-m J. Sahade telescope at Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito (CASLEO). The HST observations are associated with GO program 10602. HST is controlled from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the ...

BACKGROUND Solutions containing high macromolecule concentrations are predicted to affect a number of protein properties compared to those properties in dilute solution. In cells, these macromolecular crowders have a large range of sizes and can occupy 30% or more of the available volume. We chose to study the stability and ps-ns internal dynamics of a globular protein whose radius is ~2 nm whe...

J. R. Kirtley,1,2,3 C. Kallin,4 C. W. Hicks,1 E.-A. Kim,5,6 Y. Liu,7 K. A. Moler,1,5 Y. Maeno,8 and K. D. Nelson7 1Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 94305, USA 2IBM Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York 10598, USA 3Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands...

The exact location of the drip lines is one of the most stringent tests of nuclear structure models. The predictions for stability of nuclei along the proton drip line can be tested up to very heavy nuclei. Beyond the proton drip line, the large Coulomb barrier and the angular momentum barrier can lead to very long lifetimes for proton-unbound nuclei ~proton radioactivity! @1#. Several of these...

backgrounds normal or elevated values of serum alanine aminotransferase level (alt) vary in different studies mostly related to characteristics of reference population including age, gender, body mass index, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld), and metabolic syndrome prevalence. objectives to measure upper normal limit (unl) for serum alt in an apparently healthy iranian old population (wh...