PURPOSE Tunnel widening after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a frequently described phenomenon. The possible etiology is multi-factorial with some mechanical and biological factors. Among those, we intended to determine the relation between the location and orientation of the femoral tunnel and the femoral tunnel enlargement after outside-in single-bundle ACL reconstruction....

Nine patients with myxoedema and carpal tunnel syndrome have been studied clinically and electrophysiologically to determine the presence or absence of the tarsal tunnel syndrome. Four patients had electrophysiological evidence of the tarsal tunnel syndrome, three of whom were mildly symptomatic. This would suggest that the tarsal tunnel syndrome is frequently encountered in myxoedema in associ...

Aorta-right atrial tunnel was diagnosed in a non-symptomatic 31-year old female patient. The Q p /Q s ratio was 2.5. Computed tomography and intraoperative views showed a posterior vascular tunnel with left aortic sinus and right atrium openings (Figs 1 and 2). The tunnel had no myocardial branches. We successfully closed both the openings. Figure 1: (A) A reconstructed computed tomographic vie...

INTRODUCTION: Clinical studies of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), a pressure-induced neuropathy of the median nerve, are limited by the difficulty of evaluating the early stages of pathology. Thus, a validated animal model of CTS is an important need. A proper animal model would have comparable anatomy to the human carpal tunnel. In addition, because carpal tunnel syndrome is characterized by inc...

Abstract The stability behaviour of unsymmetrical laminated structures made fibre-reinforced plastics is significantly influenced by bending–extension coupling and the comparatively low transverse shear stiffnesses. aim this work to improve analytical analysis unsymmetrically structures. With discrete plate theory, can be reduced single plates. structure divided into individual segments, surrou...

BACKGROUND An anatomic reconstruction of coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments typically requires drilling tunnels in the clavicle. An increase in fracture complications has been associated with graft tunnel position. A method of drilling clavicle tunnels that would better re-create anatomic function of the CC ligaments without increasing fracture risk would be an improvement. PURPOSE To evaluate t...

In the title co-crystal, [Sn(4)(CH(3))(8)Cl(4)O(2)]·2[Sn(CH(3))(2)Cl(C(4)H(8)NS(2))], all the Sn(IV) atoms are in distorted trigonal-bipyramidal environments. In the mononuclear species, the carbodithio-ate ligand is unsymmetrically coordinated to the Sn(IV) atom, with Sn-S distances of 2.6722 (12) and 2.4706 (11) Å. All atoms with the exception of the methyl groups and one of the pyrrolidine r...

The synthesis of new unsymmetrically benzene-fused bis (tetrathiafulvalene) has been carried out by a cross-coupling reaction of the respective 4,5-dialkyl-1,3-dithiole-2-selenone 6-9 with 2-(4-(p-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dithiole-2-ylidene)-1,3,5,7-tetrathia-s-indacene-6-one 5 prepared by olefination of 4-(p-nitrophenyl)-1,3-dithiole-2-selenone 3 and 1,3,5,7-tetrathia-s-indacene-2,6-dione 4. The conve...

Although many classes of substances found in the animal organism have been suggested as possible biological precursors of glucuronic acid (l), recent research has narrowed the number of these possibilities to two, namely hexoses (2,3) and trioses (4, 5). Various experimental techniques, including isotopic tracers, have been used in the effort to choose between these alternatives, but invariably...

The complexation of an arene to a chromium tricarbonyl unit changes its chemical behavior, giving rise to unprecedented transformations. The electron-withdrawing effect of the unit allows efficient nucleophilic attack (S(N)Ar and dearomatization reactions), stabilizes negative charges in benzylic positions and activates C(Ar)-halogen bonds for cross-coupling reactions. In addition, the Cr(CO)(3...