Information technology (IT) project management is a crucial issue for organizations today. A 1995 study in the USA found that 31 per cent of software projects will be canceled before completion, and more than half the projects will cost an average of 189 per cent of the original estimates. This article examines the results of a survey questionnaire that was sent to Canada's 1,450 leading public...

Since cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is highlighted as a cause of persistent headache, radionuclide cisternography has been increasingly performed in Japan to confirm the disorder, although the limited ability of the examination should be recognized. We present 3 cases in which failure of a tracer injection was strongly suspected. In 2 cases with chronic symptoms, the tracer appeared to be i...

Taking tests enhances learning. But what happens when one cannot answer a test question-does an unsuccessful retrieval attempt impede future learning or enhance it? The authors examined this question using materials that ensured that retrieval attempts would be unsuccessful. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants were asked fictional general-knowledge questions (e.g., "What peace treaty ended the...

abstract the present study aimed at discovering the practices and strategies autonomous efl learners pursue in their endeavor to master english. it thus set out in the iranian context, with 60 efl learners, both autonomous and non-autonomous, as participants. the gathered data through a questionnaire and an interview were subjected to content and descriptive analysis. the results showed that bo...

South African secondary students see themselves as a ‘new generation’, the first to come of age in the democratic nation. They are intelligent, politically aware and highly motivated, but very few currently stand a chance of achieving their goals of further education and professional careers (Taylor, Muller, Vinjevold, 2003). If the new South Africa is to realise the possibility of a just socie...

An ensemble contains a number of learners which are usually called base learners. The generalization ability of an ensemble is usually much stronger than that of base learners. Actually, ensemble learning is appealing because that it is able to boost weak learners which are slightly better than random guess to strong learners which can make very accurate predictions. So, “base learners” are als...